|
The
horticulture sector encompasses a wide range of crops e.g., fruit
crops, vegetable crops, potato and tuber crops, ornamental crops,
medicinal and aromatic crops, spices and plantation crops.
India, with its wide variability of climate and soil, is highly favourable for growing a large number of horticultural crops. It is the fastest growing sector within agriculture. It contributes in poverty alleviation, nutritional security and have ample scope for farmers to increase their income and helpful in sustaining large number of agro-based industries which generate huge employment opportunities. The achievement in the development of horticulture is laudable, as the sector now contributes more than 30.5 per cent to GDP of agriculture and has maintained the growth rate of more than 5 per cent during the last two decades. Production base of horticultural crops has increased considerably as compared to the situation of 1950-51. Area under horticulture crops has increased from 12.77 million ha in 1991-92 to 20.95 million ha in 2009-10, while the production from 96.52 million tonnes (1991-92) to 220.87 million tonnes during 2009-10. India is the second largest producer of fruits in the world, it the largest producer of fruits like mango, banana, papaya, sapota, pomegranate and aonla. In terms of productivity of grapes, India ranks first in the world. India occupies the second position in the production of brinjal, cabbage, cauliflower and onion and third in potato and tomato in the world. Vegetables that are produced in abundance are potato, tomato, brinjal, okra, cucurbits, etc. India has made noticeable advancement in the production of flowers, particularly cut flowers, which have a high potential for exports. India is the largest producer, consumer and exporter of spices and spice products in the world. Over 100 plants spices are known to yield spices and spice products among which around 50 are grown in India. The most significant development that happened in the last decade is that horticulture has moved from rural confines to commercial production and this changing scenario has encouraged private sector investment in production system management. The last decade has seen technological infusion like micro-irrigation, precision farming, greenhouse cultivation, and improved post harvest management. IMPORTANT INITIATIVES FOR HORTICULTURE DEVELOPMENT a) National Horticulture Mission National Horticulture Mission was launched during the year 2005-06 with objective of providing holistic growth to the horticulture sector through an area based, regionally differentiated strategy, supply of quality planting material, production and productivity improvement, technology promotion, extension, post harvest management and marketing. b) Horticulture Mission for North East and Himalayan States This Mission was launched during the financial year 2001-02 to achieve overall development of horticulture in 8 States to harness the potential that exists in the North East region. The Scheme was further extended to three other hilly States namely Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand during 2003-04. c) National Bamboo Mission The National Bamboo Mission was launched in 2006-07 as a Centrally Sponsore Scheme to promote the growth of bamboo sector. The programmes address four major areas of bamboo development namely (i) Research and Development, (ii) Plantation Development, (iii) Handicrafts Development and (iv)Marketing. d) Micro Irrigation The main objective of this Scheme is to increase the coverage of area under improved methods of irrigation in the country for better water use efficiency and to provide stimulus to growth in the agriculture sector. e) Central Institute for Horticulture (CIH) Nagaland Recognizing the importance of institutional support for the development of horticulture in the North East region, the establishment of a Central Institute of Horticulture in Nagaland, has been approved for implementation in 2005-06. The thrust areas for the Institute are (i) refinement / demonstration of identified technologies specific for the region, (ii) production and supply of quality seed and planting material of improved/high yielding varieties and (iii) training of state department officials and field functionaries in selected aspects of horticulture development including post harvest management, processing and value addition. |
Thursday, May 24, 2012
HORTICULTURE SECTOR IN INDIA
CENSUS 2011
The
Indian Census is the most credible source of information on Demography
(Population characteristics), Economic Activity, Literacy &
Education, Housing & Household Amenities, Urbanization, Fertility
and Mortality, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, Language,
Religion, Migration, Disability and many other socio-cultural and
demographic data since 1872.
Census 2011 is the 15th National Census of the country. This is the only source of primary data at village, town and ward level. It provides valuable information for planning and formulation of polices for Central & State Governments and is widely used by National & International agencies, scholars, business people, industrialists, and many more.
The delimitation/reservation of Constituencies - Parliamentary/Assembly/Panchayats and other Local Bodies is also done on the basis of the demographic data thrown up by the Census. Census is the basis for reviewing the country's progress in the past decade, monitoring the on-going schemes of the Government and most importantly, plan for the future. That is why the slogan of Census 2011 is "Our Census, Our Future".
The Census is a statutory exercise conducted under the provisions of the Census Act 1948 and Rules made thereunder.
Census Process:
The Census process involves visiting each and every household and gathering particulars by asking questions and filling up Census Forms. The information collected about individuals is kept absolutely confidential. In fact this information is not accessible even to Courts of law.
After the field work is over, the forms are transported to data processing centres located at 15 cities across the country. The data processing is done using sophisticated software called Intelligent Character Recognition Software (ICR). This technology was pioneered by India in Census 2001 and has become the benchmark for Censuses all around the globe. This involves the scanning of the Census Forms at high speed and extracting the data automatically using computer software. This revolutionary technology has enabled the processing of the voluminous data in a very short time and saving a huge amount of manual labour and cost.
The 15th Indian National census was conducted in two phases, house-listing and population enumeration. House-listing phase began on April 1, 2010 and involved collection of information about all buildings.
Information for National Population Register was also collected in the first phase which included data about the person that will be converted to digital form along with fingerprinting and photograph of the person, which will be used to issue a 12-digit unique identification number to all registered Indians by Unique Identification Authority of India.
Census Commissioner of India is C. Chandramouli.
Census report:
1. India's population has reached to 1.21 billion. Indians percentage in world population is 17.5.
2. The country’s population is almost equal to the combined population of the U.S., Indonesia, Brazil, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Japan.
3. UN estimated that world population grew at an annual rate of 1.23 per cent during 2000-2010 but India’s annual growth rate comes out to be 1.64 per cent much higher even that of China.
4. It is now estimated that by 2030 India will overtake China in terms of population and will become the most populous country on the earth with 17.9 per cent population of the world living in India.
5. 2001-2011 is the first decade (exception of 1911-1921) in which the net addition of population is less as compared to previous by 0.86 million.
6. Uttar Pradesh is the most populous State with 199 million people which is more than the population of Brazil, the fifth most populous country of the world.
7. Lakshadweep is the least populated at 64,429 persons.
8. Among UTs, Daman and Diu and Dadar and Nagar Haveli registered very high growth rate of 53 per cent points.
9. Nagaland is the only state that registered a small negative growth whereas Bihar registered the highest decadal growth rate of 25.07 per cent.
10. The population density of India grows to 382 persons per square kilometer from 325 persons per square kilometer in 2001.
11. Among states Bihar ranks first by having density of 1102 persons per square kilometer followed by West Bengal. Whereas Arunachal Pradesh ranks lowest by having density as 17 persons per square kilometer.
12. Among UTs NCT of Delhi ranks first with density of 11297 persons per square kilometer and Andaman and Nicobar ranks lowest with density of 46 persons per square kilometer.
13. Overall sex ratio at the national level has increased from 933 to 940.
14. Kerala with 1084 has the highest sex ratio and Daman and Diu has the lowest sex ratio of 618.
15. Child sex ratio has declined from 927 to 914.
16. Top three states recording highest value of child sex ratio are Mizoram (971), Meghalaya (970) and Chhattisgarh (964).
17. Among UTs Andaman and Nicobar islands ranks first with child sex ratio of 966 females per 1000 males.
18. Lowest child sex ratio among state is of Haryana (830) and among UTs is Delhi (866).
19. The literacy rate of India according to 2011 Census is 74.04 per cent with 82.14 per cent males and 65.46 per cent females.
20. Among states Kerala ranks first in literacy with 93.91 per cent literates and Bihar ranks lowest with 63.82 per cent literates.
21. Among UTs Lakshadweep ranks first with 92.28 per cent literates and Dadar and Nagar Haveli ranks lowest with 77.65 literates.
Census 2011 is the 15th National Census of the country. This is the only source of primary data at village, town and ward level. It provides valuable information for planning and formulation of polices for Central & State Governments and is widely used by National & International agencies, scholars, business people, industrialists, and many more.
The delimitation/reservation of Constituencies - Parliamentary/Assembly/Panchayats and other Local Bodies is also done on the basis of the demographic data thrown up by the Census. Census is the basis for reviewing the country's progress in the past decade, monitoring the on-going schemes of the Government and most importantly, plan for the future. That is why the slogan of Census 2011 is "Our Census, Our Future".
The Census is a statutory exercise conducted under the provisions of the Census Act 1948 and Rules made thereunder.
Census Process:
The Census process involves visiting each and every household and gathering particulars by asking questions and filling up Census Forms. The information collected about individuals is kept absolutely confidential. In fact this information is not accessible even to Courts of law.
After the field work is over, the forms are transported to data processing centres located at 15 cities across the country. The data processing is done using sophisticated software called Intelligent Character Recognition Software (ICR). This technology was pioneered by India in Census 2001 and has become the benchmark for Censuses all around the globe. This involves the scanning of the Census Forms at high speed and extracting the data automatically using computer software. This revolutionary technology has enabled the processing of the voluminous data in a very short time and saving a huge amount of manual labour and cost.
The 15th Indian National census was conducted in two phases, house-listing and population enumeration. House-listing phase began on April 1, 2010 and involved collection of information about all buildings.
Information for National Population Register was also collected in the first phase which included data about the person that will be converted to digital form along with fingerprinting and photograph of the person, which will be used to issue a 12-digit unique identification number to all registered Indians by Unique Identification Authority of India.
Census Commissioner of India is C. Chandramouli.
Census report:
1. India's population has reached to 1.21 billion. Indians percentage in world population is 17.5.
2. The country’s population is almost equal to the combined population of the U.S., Indonesia, Brazil, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Japan.
3. UN estimated that world population grew at an annual rate of 1.23 per cent during 2000-2010 but India’s annual growth rate comes out to be 1.64 per cent much higher even that of China.
4. It is now estimated that by 2030 India will overtake China in terms of population and will become the most populous country on the earth with 17.9 per cent population of the world living in India.
5. 2001-2011 is the first decade (exception of 1911-1921) in which the net addition of population is less as compared to previous by 0.86 million.
6. Uttar Pradesh is the most populous State with 199 million people which is more than the population of Brazil, the fifth most populous country of the world.
7. Lakshadweep is the least populated at 64,429 persons.
8. Among UTs, Daman and Diu and Dadar and Nagar Haveli registered very high growth rate of 53 per cent points.
9. Nagaland is the only state that registered a small negative growth whereas Bihar registered the highest decadal growth rate of 25.07 per cent.
10. The population density of India grows to 382 persons per square kilometer from 325 persons per square kilometer in 2001.
11. Among states Bihar ranks first by having density of 1102 persons per square kilometer followed by West Bengal. Whereas Arunachal Pradesh ranks lowest by having density as 17 persons per square kilometer.
12. Among UTs NCT of Delhi ranks first with density of 11297 persons per square kilometer and Andaman and Nicobar ranks lowest with density of 46 persons per square kilometer.
13. Overall sex ratio at the national level has increased from 933 to 940.
14. Kerala with 1084 has the highest sex ratio and Daman and Diu has the lowest sex ratio of 618.
15. Child sex ratio has declined from 927 to 914.
16. Top three states recording highest value of child sex ratio are Mizoram (971), Meghalaya (970) and Chhattisgarh (964).
17. Among UTs Andaman and Nicobar islands ranks first with child sex ratio of 966 females per 1000 males.
18. Lowest child sex ratio among state is of Haryana (830) and among UTs is Delhi (866).
19. The literacy rate of India according to 2011 Census is 74.04 per cent with 82.14 per cent males and 65.46 per cent females.
20. Among states Kerala ranks first in literacy with 93.91 per cent literates and Bihar ranks lowest with 63.82 per cent literates.
21. Among UTs Lakshadweep ranks first with 92.28 per cent literates and Dadar and Nagar Haveli ranks lowest with 77.65 literates.
The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012
The
Lok Sabha has passed the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences
Bill, 2011. The Bill, already passed by the Rajya Sabha, has been
drafted to strengthen the legal provisions for the protection of
children from sexual abuse and exploitation. For the first time, a
special law has been passed to address the issue of sexual offences
against children.
Sexual offences are currently covered under different sections of IPC. The IPC does not provide for all types of sexual offences against children and, more importantly, does not distinguish between adult and child victims.
The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2011 defines a child as any person below the age of 18 years and provides protection to all children under the age of 18 years from the offences of sexual assault, sexual harassment and pornography. These offences have been clearly defined for the first time in law. The Act provides for stringent punishments, which have been graded as per the gravity of the offence. The punishments range from simple to rigorous imprisonment of varying periods. There is also provision for fine, which is to be decided by the Court.
Punishments for Offences covered in the Act are:
• Penetrative Sexual Assault (Section 3) – Not less than seven years which may extend to imprisonment for life, and fine (Section 4)
• Aggravated Penetrative Sexual Assault (Section 5) –¬ Not less than ten years which may extend to imprisonment for life, and fine (Section 6)
• Sexual Assault (Section 7) – Not less than three years which may extend to five years, and fine (Section 8)
• Aggravated Sexual Assault (Section 9) – Not less than five years which may extend to seven years, and fine (Section 10)
• Sexual Harassment of the Child (Section 11) – Three years and fine (Section 12)
• Use of Child for Pornographic Purposes (Section 13) – Five years and fine and in the event of subsequent conviction, seven years and fine(Section 14 (1))
Sexual offences are currently covered under different sections of IPC. The IPC does not provide for all types of sexual offences against children and, more importantly, does not distinguish between adult and child victims.
The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2011 defines a child as any person below the age of 18 years and provides protection to all children under the age of 18 years from the offences of sexual assault, sexual harassment and pornography. These offences have been clearly defined for the first time in law. The Act provides for stringent punishments, which have been graded as per the gravity of the offence. The punishments range from simple to rigorous imprisonment of varying periods. There is also provision for fine, which is to be decided by the Court.
Punishments for Offences covered in the Act are:
• Penetrative Sexual Assault (Section 3) – Not less than seven years which may extend to imprisonment for life, and fine (Section 4)
• Aggravated Penetrative Sexual Assault (Section 5) –¬ Not less than ten years which may extend to imprisonment for life, and fine (Section 6)
• Sexual Assault (Section 7) – Not less than three years which may extend to five years, and fine (Section 8)
• Aggravated Sexual Assault (Section 9) – Not less than five years which may extend to seven years, and fine (Section 10)
• Sexual Harassment of the Child (Section 11) – Three years and fine (Section 12)
• Use of Child for Pornographic Purposes (Section 13) – Five years and fine and in the event of subsequent conviction, seven years and fine(Section 14 (1))
An
offence is treated as “aggravated” when committed by a person in a
position of trust or authority of child such as a member of security
forces, police officer, public servant, etc.
The Act provides for the establishment of Special Courts for trial of offences under the Act, keeping the best interest of the child as of paramount importance at every stage of the judicial process. The Act incorporates child friendly procedures for reporting, recording of evidence, investigation and trial of offences.
The Act also recognizes that the intent to commit an offence, even when unsuccessful for whatever reason, needs to be penalized. The attempt to commit an offence under the Act has been made liable for punishment for upto half the punishment prescribed for the commission of the offence.
The Act also provides for punishment for abetment of the offence, which is the same as for the commission of the offence. This would cover trafficking of children for sexual purposes.
For the more heinous offences of Penetrative Sexual Assault, Aggravated Penetrative Sexual Assault, Sexual Assault and Aggravated Sexual Assault, the burden of proof is shifted on the accused. This provision has been made keeping in view the greater vulnerability and innocence of children. At the same time, to prevent misuse of the law, punishment has been provided for making false complaint or proving false information with malicious intent. Such punishment has been kept relatively light (six months) to encourage reporting. If false complaint is made against a child, punishment is higher (one year).
The media has been barred from disclosing the identity of the child without the permission of the Special Court. The punishment for breaching this provision by media may be from six months to one year.
For speedy trial, the Act provides for the evidence of the child to be recorded within a period of 30 days. Also, the Special Court is to complete the trial within a period of one year, as far as possible.
To provide for relief and rehabilitation of the child, as soon as the complaint is made to the Special Juvenile Police Unit (SJPU) or local police, these will make immediate arrangements to give the child, care and protection such as admitting the child into shelter home or to the nearest hospital within twenty-four hours of the report. The SJPU or the local police are also required to report the matter to the Child Welfare Committee within 24 hours of recording the complaint, for long term rehabilitation of the child.
The Act casts a duty on the Central and State Governments to spread awareness through media including the television, radio and the print media at regular intervals to make the general public, children as well as their parents and guardians aware of the provisions of this Act.
The National Commission for the Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) and State Commissions for the Protection of Child Rights (SCPCRs) have been made the designated authority to monitor the implementation of the Act.
The Act provides for the establishment of Special Courts for trial of offences under the Act, keeping the best interest of the child as of paramount importance at every stage of the judicial process. The Act incorporates child friendly procedures for reporting, recording of evidence, investigation and trial of offences.
The Act also recognizes that the intent to commit an offence, even when unsuccessful for whatever reason, needs to be penalized. The attempt to commit an offence under the Act has been made liable for punishment for upto half the punishment prescribed for the commission of the offence.
The Act also provides for punishment for abetment of the offence, which is the same as for the commission of the offence. This would cover trafficking of children for sexual purposes.
For the more heinous offences of Penetrative Sexual Assault, Aggravated Penetrative Sexual Assault, Sexual Assault and Aggravated Sexual Assault, the burden of proof is shifted on the accused. This provision has been made keeping in view the greater vulnerability and innocence of children. At the same time, to prevent misuse of the law, punishment has been provided for making false complaint or proving false information with malicious intent. Such punishment has been kept relatively light (six months) to encourage reporting. If false complaint is made against a child, punishment is higher (one year).
The media has been barred from disclosing the identity of the child without the permission of the Special Court. The punishment for breaching this provision by media may be from six months to one year.
For speedy trial, the Act provides for the evidence of the child to be recorded within a period of 30 days. Also, the Special Court is to complete the trial within a period of one year, as far as possible.
To provide for relief and rehabilitation of the child, as soon as the complaint is made to the Special Juvenile Police Unit (SJPU) or local police, these will make immediate arrangements to give the child, care and protection such as admitting the child into shelter home or to the nearest hospital within twenty-four hours of the report. The SJPU or the local police are also required to report the matter to the Child Welfare Committee within 24 hours of recording the complaint, for long term rehabilitation of the child.
The Act casts a duty on the Central and State Governments to spread awareness through media including the television, radio and the print media at regular intervals to make the general public, children as well as their parents and guardians aware of the provisions of this Act.
The National Commission for the Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) and State Commissions for the Protection of Child Rights (SCPCRs) have been made the designated authority to monitor the implementation of the Act.
Friday, May 18, 2012
National Water Mission
The National Water Mission under the National Action Plan for Climate Change envisages the following five goals :
Goal 1: Comprehensive water data base in public domain and assessment of the impact of climate change on water resource,
Goal 2: Promotion of citizen and state actions for water conservation, augmentation and preservation
Goal 3: Focused attention to vulnerable areas including over-exploited areas
Goal 4: Increasing water use efficiency by 20%
Goal 5: Promotion of basin level integrated water resources management
Planning Commission has indicated a tentative outlay of Rs.1488 crore for the Central Sector Plan Scheme “Implementation of National Water Mission” for the 12th Five Year Plan. No expenditure has been incurred so far under the said scheme. Funds available under other Plan Schemes will also be utilized for achieving various objectives of the Mission.
Goal 1: Comprehensive water data base in public domain and assessment of the impact of climate change on water resource,
Goal 2: Promotion of citizen and state actions for water conservation, augmentation and preservation
Goal 3: Focused attention to vulnerable areas including over-exploited areas
Goal 4: Increasing water use efficiency by 20%
Goal 5: Promotion of basin level integrated water resources management
Planning Commission has indicated a tentative outlay of Rs.1488 crore for the Central Sector Plan Scheme “Implementation of National Water Mission” for the 12th Five Year Plan. No expenditure has been incurred so far under the said scheme. Funds available under other Plan Schemes will also be utilized for achieving various objectives of the Mission.
Election Commission of India signs MoU with IFES
The Election Commission of India signed a
Memorandum of Understanding with the Washington based International
Foundation for Electoral Systems (IFES) at New Delhi for developing and
strengthening democratic institutions and processes. The focus of the
MoU is making available the knowledge and experience of ECI to election
managers and practitioners around the world through the Commission’s
India International Institute of Democracy and Election Management,
IIIDEM. IFES has been involved in election assistance and democracy
promotion in around 100 countries across the world.
The MoU was signed by Dr S Y Quraishi, Chief Election Commissioner and Mr William Sweeney, President and CEO, IFES. The Foundation is already working with IIIDEM for development of curriculum for international participants.
The MoU aims to promote working partnership between ECI and IFES for joint initiatives, exchange of information and experiences, training and research and assistance. It also aims at promoting exchanges, assignments and visits of practitioners and experts.
Signing the MOU, the Chief Election Commissioner, Dr S Y Quraishi offered India’s expertise in election management and related democratic processes to all democratic countries and hoped that the outreach of IFES would facilitate IIIDEM to meet its goals. Election Commissioners, Mr VS Sampath and Mr HS Brahma underlined the role of systematic training and capacity building in conduct of elections worldwide.
Mr William Sweeney applauded the strength of India’s electoral system and its management and said that countries across the World were looking to learn from the Indian experience. He observed that the recently shown willingness of the Election Commission of India to share its skill and knowledge resources has generated demand from several countries, who are in actual need of it.
IIIDEM, which was launched in the middle of June last year, is already offering courses to international election practitioners and managers at their request, besides training domestic election officials at regular intervals. It proposes to hold special courses for SAARC Election Commissions and make global offer of election management courses under the ITEC programme of Ministry of External Affairs.
The MoU was signed by Dr S Y Quraishi, Chief Election Commissioner and Mr William Sweeney, President and CEO, IFES. The Foundation is already working with IIIDEM for development of curriculum for international participants.
The MoU aims to promote working partnership between ECI and IFES for joint initiatives, exchange of information and experiences, training and research and assistance. It also aims at promoting exchanges, assignments and visits of practitioners and experts.
Signing the MOU, the Chief Election Commissioner, Dr S Y Quraishi offered India’s expertise in election management and related democratic processes to all democratic countries and hoped that the outreach of IFES would facilitate IIIDEM to meet its goals. Election Commissioners, Mr VS Sampath and Mr HS Brahma underlined the role of systematic training and capacity building in conduct of elections worldwide.
Mr William Sweeney applauded the strength of India’s electoral system and its management and said that countries across the World were looking to learn from the Indian experience. He observed that the recently shown willingness of the Election Commission of India to share its skill and knowledge resources has generated demand from several countries, who are in actual need of it.
IIIDEM, which was launched in the middle of June last year, is already offering courses to international election practitioners and managers at their request, besides training domestic election officials at regular intervals. It proposes to hold special courses for SAARC Election Commissions and make global offer of election management courses under the ITEC programme of Ministry of External Affairs.
Madhya Pradesh P.S.C. State Service (Pre.) Exam
Geography
(Exam Held on 11-01-2009)
1. Which of the following pairs does not match ?
(A) Trans Siberian Railway—Moscow to Vladivostok
(B) Canadian Pacific Railway—Halifax to Vancouver
(C) Orient Express Railway—Paris to Istanbul
(D) Cape Cairo Railway—Warsaw to Madrid
(A) Trans Siberian Railway—Moscow to Vladivostok
(B) Canadian Pacific Railway—Halifax to Vancouver
(C) Orient Express Railway—Paris to Istanbul
(D) Cape Cairo Railway—Warsaw to Madrid
2. Which is the largest canal of the world ?
(A) Suez canal
(B) Panama canal
(C) Kra canal
(D) Bhakra canal
(A) Suez canal
(B) Panama canal
(C) Kra canal
(D) Bhakra canal
3. Which of the following are connected by Suez canal ?
(A) Red Sea and Dead Sea
(B) Red Sea and Arabian Sea
(C) Red Sea and Mediterranean Sea
(D) Red Sea and Black Sea
(A) Red Sea and Dead Sea
(B) Red Sea and Arabian Sea
(C) Red Sea and Mediterranean Sea
(D) Red Sea and Black Sea
4. Which of the following ports is not situated at Pacific coast ?
(A) Vancouver
(B) Los Angeles
(C) San Francisco
(D) Miami
(A) Vancouver
(B) Los Angeles
(C) San Francisco
(D) Miami
5. Which of the following airports is not situated at New York-Tokyo air route ?
(A) London
(B) Paris
(C) Rome
(D) Panama
(A) London
(B) Paris
(C) Rome
(D) Panama
6. Which of the following occupations is not related to tertiary economy ?
(A) Transport
(B) Hunting and gathering
(C) Trade
(D) Communication
(A) Transport
(B) Hunting and gathering
(C) Trade
(D) Communication
7. In which region of the world are nights the winters ?
(A) Tundra region
(B) Mediterranean region
(C) Tropical desert region
(D) Equatorial region
(A) Tundra region
(B) Mediterranean region
(C) Tropical desert region
(D) Equatorial region
8. Which of the following is not the most developed part of the world ?
(A) Most of the Western Europe
(B) Japan
(C) Nepal
(D) South-East Australia
(A) Most of the Western Europe
(B) Japan
(C) Nepal
(D) South-East Australia
9. The school of Environmental Determinism was born in—
(A) Germany
(B) India
(C) England
(D) France
(A) Germany
(B) India
(C) England
(D) France
10. Who was the father of the school of possibilism ?
(A) Davis
(B) Chisolm
(C) Vidal-de-la-Blache
(D) Aristotle
(A) Davis
(B) Chisolm
(C) Vidal-de-la-Blache
(D) Aristotle
11. Which of the following is secondary consumer ?
(A) Goat
(B) Lion
(C) Reindeer
(D) None of these
(A) Goat
(B) Lion
(C) Reindeer
(D) None of these
12. How much is the area of India ?
(A) 32,87,263 sq. km
(B) 99,76,140 sq. km
(C) 95,97,000 sq. km
(D) 31,40,200 sq. km
(A) 32,87,263 sq. km
(B) 99,76,140 sq. km
(C) 95,97,000 sq. km
(D) 31,40,200 sq. km
13. Which is the southern-most point of India ?
(A) Kanyakumari
(B) Goa
(C) Indira point
(D) Rameshwaram
(A) Kanyakumari
(B) Goa
(C) Indira point
(D) Rameshwaram
14. From economic point of view, the most important rocks are—
(A) Dharwar
(B) Gondwana
(C) Vindhyan
(D) Cuddapah
(A) Dharwar
(B) Gondwana
(C) Vindhyan
(D) Cuddapah
15. The stretch of the Himalayas between the Indus and the Sutlej rivers is called—
(A) The Assam Himalayas
(B) The Punjab Himalayas
(C) The Nepal Himalayas
(D) The Kumaon Himalayas
(A) The Assam Himalayas
(B) The Punjab Himalayas
(C) The Nepal Himalayas
(D) The Kumaon Himalayas
16. The flood plain along river banks formed by newer alluvium is called—
(A) Bhabar
(B) Khadar
(C) Tarai
(D) Bangar
(A) Bhabar
(B) Khadar
(C) Tarai
(D) Bangar
17. Which river is known as the ‘Sorrow of Bihar’ ?
(A) Kosi
(B) Chambal
(C) Gandak
(D) Son
(A) Kosi
(B) Chambal
(C) Gandak
(D) Son
18. In which state are the Mahadeo hills located ?
(A) Bihar
(B) Rajasthan
(C) Madhya Pradesh
(D) Chhattisgarh
(A) Bihar
(B) Rajasthan
(C) Madhya Pradesh
(D) Chhattisgarh
19. The ‘Kalabaisakhis’ originate during—
(A) Winter season
(B) Rainy season
(C) Period of retreating monsoon
(D) Summers
(A) Winter season
(B) Rainy season
(C) Period of retreating monsoon
(D) Summers
20. What type of forests are the ‘Sunderbans’ ?
(A) Tidal forests
(B) Monsoon forests
(C) Tropical Evergreen forests
(D) Temperate Evergreen forests
(A) Tidal forests
(B) Monsoon forests
(C) Tropical Evergreen forests
(D) Temperate Evergreen forests
21. The ‘Regur’ soil is—
(A) Red soil
(B) Black soil
(C) Alluvial soil
(D) None of these
(A) Red soil
(B) Black soil
(C) Alluvial soil
(D) None of these
22. Which river basin has the maximum amount of water available for irrigation ?
(A) The Ganga
(B) The Indus
(C) The Brahmaputra
(D) Mahanadi
(A) The Ganga
(B) The Indus
(C) The Brahmaputra
(D) Mahanadi
23. Which state of India is the largest producer of Iron ore ?
(A) Karnataka
(B) Orissa
(C) Jharkhand
(D) Madhya Pradesh
(A) Karnataka
(B) Orissa
(C) Jharkhand
(D) Madhya Pradesh
24. Which mineral is known as ‘Black Gold’ ?
(A) Iron ore
(B) Bauxite
(C) Coal
(D) Manganese
(A) Iron ore
(B) Bauxite
(C) Coal
(D) Manganese
25. Which food grain occupies the largest cropped area in India ?
(A) Maize
(B) Wheat
(C) Rice
(D) Sugarcane
(A) Maize
(B) Wheat
(C) Rice
(D) Sugarcane
26. Which of the following states is the largest producer of wheat ?
(A) Punjab
(B) Uttar Pradesh
(C) Haryana
(D) Madhya Pradesh
(A) Punjab
(B) Uttar Pradesh
(C) Haryana
(D) Madhya Pradesh
27. The leading jowar (Sorghum) producing state in India is—
(A) Maharashtra
(B) Andhra Pradesh
(C) Karnataka
(D) Bihar
(A) Maharashtra
(B) Andhra Pradesh
(C) Karnataka
(D) Bihar
28. Which of the following is a cash crop ?
(A) Rice
(B) Wheat
(C) Jowar
(D) Sugarcane
(A) Rice
(B) Wheat
(C) Jowar
(D) Sugarcane
29. Which of the following is a fibre crop ?
(A) Sugarcane
(B) Jute
(C) Wheat
(D) Maize
(A) Sugarcane
(B) Jute
(C) Wheat
(D) Maize
30. Which of the following states is the leading producer of sugarcane in India ?
(A) Uttar Pradesh
(B) Madhya Pradesh
(C) Punjab
(D) Bihar
(A) Uttar Pradesh
(B) Madhya Pradesh
(C) Punjab
(D) Bihar
31. Which Indian state has the highest per hectare production of cotton ?
(A) Haryana
(B) Maharashtra
(C) Tamil Nadu
(D) Punjab
(A) Haryana
(B) Maharashtra
(C) Tamil Nadu
(D) Punjab
32. Which state is the largest producer of tea in India ?
(A) Assam
(B) West Bengal
(C) Kerala
(D) Karnataka
(A) Assam
(B) West Bengal
(C) Kerala
(D) Karnataka
33. Which of the following is a basis to divide agriculture into different types ?
(A) Cropping system
(B) Water supply and moisture
(C) Availability of land
(D) All of these
(A) Cropping system
(B) Water supply and moisture
(C) Availability of land
(D) All of these
34. In India, the local name of shifting cultivation is—
(A) Jhum
(B) Kumari
(C) Penda
(D) All of these
(A) Jhum
(B) Kumari
(C) Penda
(D) All of these
35. Which city of Madhya Pradesh, as per census of 2001, is most populated ?
(A) Jabalpur
(B) Mandsaur
(C) Bhopal
(D) Indore
(A) Jabalpur
(B) Mandsaur
(C) Bhopal
(D) Indore
36. What is the problem faced by Indian farmers ?
(A) Small and fragmented land holdings
(B) Lack of capital
(C) Faulty marketing system
(D) All of the above
(A) Small and fragmented land holdings
(B) Lack of capital
(C) Faulty marketing system
(D) All of the above
37. Which of the following is not a merit of green revolution ?
(A) Increase in agricultural production
(B) Reduction in the import of food grains
(C) Prosperity of the farmers
(D) Regional imbalance
(A) Increase in agricultural production
(B) Reduction in the import of food grains
(C) Prosperity of the farmers
(D) Regional imbalance
38. What is National Water Grid Plan ?
(A) To link the Himalayan rivers with peninsular rivers
(B) To link east and west flowing rivers of the peninsular
(C) To link the rivers of India with the rivers of Pakistan
(D) None of the above
(A) To link the Himalayan rivers with peninsular rivers
(B) To link east and west flowing rivers of the peninsular
(C) To link the rivers of India with the rivers of Pakistan
(D) None of the above
39. Which of the following is called the ‘Cottonopolis’ of India ?
(A) Kanpur
(B) Agra
(C) Mumbai
(D) Ahmedabad
(A) Kanpur
(B) Agra
(C) Mumbai
(D) Ahmedabad
40. After crushing the sugarcane, the left over baggasse is used as :
(A) Fuel
(B) Mixed with jaggery (‘gur’)
(C) Mixed in sugar
(D) None of the above
(A) Fuel
(B) Mixed with jaggery (‘gur’)
(C) Mixed in sugar
(D) None of the above
41. Which of the following raw materials is needed for the manufacturing of cement ?
(A) Limestone
(B) Sea shells
(C) Slag from steel plant
(D) All of the above
(A) Limestone
(B) Sea shells
(C) Slag from steel plant
(D) All of the above
42. Which of the following cement plants is located in Madhya Pradesh ?
(A) Satna
(B) Durg
(C) Narnaul
(D) None of these
(A) Satna
(B) Durg
(C) Narnaul
(D) None of these
43. Which of the following factors is responsible for regional disparities in India ?
(A) Regional variations in relief
(B) High incoherence of temperature in different parts of India
(C) Regional variations in the availability of minerals
(D) All of the above
(A) Regional variations in relief
(B) High incoherence of temperature in different parts of India
(C) Regional variations in the availability of minerals
(D) All of the above
44. Which of the following is not an area of the highest agricultural productivity ?
(A) Punjab
(B) Haryana
(C) Madhya Pradesh
(D) Western Uttar Pradesh
(A) Punjab
(B) Haryana
(C) Madhya Pradesh
(D) Western Uttar Pradesh
45. Who used the method of ranking coefficient for the first time in India in order to calculate agricultural productivity ?
(A) Prof. Mohammed Shafi
(B) Prof. Jasbir Singh
(C) Prof. M.G. Kendall
(D) Prof. Dudley Stamp
(A) Prof. Mohammed Shafi
(B) Prof. Jasbir Singh
(C) Prof. M.G. Kendall
(D) Prof. Dudley Stamp
46. Which of the following is a method to eradicate poverty ?
(A) More investment in productive activities
(B) Increased savings
(C) Population control
(D) All of the above
(A) More investment in productive activities
(B) Increased savings
(C) Population control
(D) All of the above
47. Which is the period of rapid growth of India’s population ?
(A) 1901–1921
(B) 1921–1951
(C) 1951–1981
(D) 1981–2001
(A) 1901–1921
(B) 1921–1951
(C) 1951–1981
(D) 1981–2001
48. Which of the following is an effect of globalization on India ?
(A) Increase in foreign trade
(B) Increase in the number of foreign banks
(C) Direct foreign investment
(D) All of the above
(A) Increase in foreign trade
(B) Increase in the number of foreign banks
(C) Direct foreign investment
(D) All of the above
49. Which of the following is a result of ‘Green House Effect’ ?
(A) Rise in temperature
(B) Industrial development
(C) Population growth
(D) None of these
(A) Rise in temperature
(B) Industrial development
(C) Population growth
(D) None of these
50. Which disease is not caused by drinking polluted water ?
(A) Cholera
(B) Diarrhoea
(C) Jaundice
(D) AIDS
(A) Cholera
(B) Diarrhoea
(C) Jaundice
(D) AIDS
51. Which of the following states of India has the highest sex ratio ?
(A) Chhattisgarh
(B) Kerala
(C) Tamil Nadu
(D) Nagaland
(A) Chhattisgarh
(B) Kerala
(C) Tamil Nadu
(D) Nagaland
52. Which one of the following Indian cities has population more than 50 lakh, as per the census of 2001 ?
(A) Rajkot
(B) Ludhiana
(C) Jaipur
(D) Hyderabad
(A) Rajkot
(B) Ludhiana
(C) Jaipur
(D) Hyderabad
53. Which of the following states does not have common boundary with Madhya Pradesh ?
(A) Gujarat
(B) Rajasthan
(C) Jharkhand
(D) Bihar
(A) Gujarat
(B) Rajasthan
(C) Jharkhand
(D) Bihar
54. Which of the following landforms is not found in Madhya Pradesh ?
(A) Betul Plateau
(B) Pulicat Lake
(C) Bharner Mountain Range
(D) Kaimur Hills
(A) Betul Plateau
(B) Pulicat Lake
(C) Bharner Mountain Range
(D) Kaimur Hills
55. The ‘Bad land’ landform is found in—
(A) Thar desert
(B) Chambal valley
(C) Sundarban delta
(D) Gulf of Kachchh
(A) Thar desert
(B) Chambal valley
(C) Sundarban delta
(D) Gulf of Kachchh
56. Which state of India is the largest producer of diamond ?
(A) Madhya Pradesh
(B) Chhattisgarh
(C) Jharkhand
(D) Rajasthan
(A) Madhya Pradesh
(B) Chhattisgarh
(C) Jharkhand
(D) Rajasthan
57. Which of the following pairs is not correct ?
(A) Assam—Magh Bihu
(B) Haryana—Tea Festival
(C) Punjab—Hola Mohalla
(D) Madhya Pradesh—Fair of Nagaji
(A) Assam—Magh Bihu
(B) Haryana—Tea Festival
(C) Punjab—Hola Mohalla
(D) Madhya Pradesh—Fair of Nagaji
58. Which state is the only producer of tin in India ?
(A) West Bengal
(B) Jammu and Kashmir
(C) Assam
(D) Madhya Pradesh
(A) West Bengal
(B) Jammu and Kashmir
(C) Assam
(D) Madhya Pradesh
59. The total number of districts in Madhya Pradesh is—
(A) 25
(B) 48
(C) 47
(D) 37
(A) 25
(B) 48
(C) 47
(D) 37
60. What is the name of handicrafts emporia centres of Madhya Pradesh ?
(A) Koel
(B) Mayur
(C) Kingfisher
(D) Mriganayanee
(A) Koel
(B) Mayur
(C) Kingfisher
(D) Mriganayanee
61. Which ocean, according to Wegener, surrounded Pangaea on all sides ?
(A) Panthalassa
(B) Indian Ocean
(C) Atlantic Ocean
(D) Arctic Ocean
(A) Panthalassa
(B) Indian Ocean
(C) Atlantic Ocean
(D) Arctic Ocean
62. Many island arcs and peripheral trenches of the Pacific Ocean are the result of—
(A) The convergence of two continental plates
(B) The convergence of a continental plate and an oceanic plate
(C) The convergence of two oceanic plates
(D) None of the above
(A) The convergence of two continental plates
(B) The convergence of a continental plate and an oceanic plate
(C) The convergence of two oceanic plates
(D) None of the above
63. Exfoliation is most active—
(A) in regions where frost occurs regularly
(B) in limestone areas
(C) at high altitudes
(D) in arid or semi-arid regions, which have a large diurnal range of temperature
(A) in regions where frost occurs regularly
(B) in limestone areas
(C) at high altitudes
(D) in arid or semi-arid regions, which have a large diurnal range of temperature
64. Which of the following landforms is not formed by weathering ?
(A) Rift valley
(B) Crevasses
(C) Talus
(D) Yardang
(A) Rift valley
(B) Crevasses
(C) Talus
(D) Yardang
65. Which of the following is not a process of river erosion ?
(A) Hydraulic action
(B) Deflation
(C) Corrosion
(D) Attrition
(A) Hydraulic action
(B) Deflation
(C) Corrosion
(D) Attrition
66. Which of the following landforms is formed by glacier ?
(A) Tarn
(B) Lagoon
(C) Lappies
(D) Doline
(A) Tarn
(B) Lagoon
(C) Lappies
(D) Doline
67. With what are the Inselberg and Hamada associated ?
(A) Glacial erosion
(B) Wind erosion
(C) River erosion
(D) Wind deposition
(A) Glacial erosion
(B) Wind erosion
(C) River erosion
(D) Wind deposition
68. Which of the following is a Caldera lake ?
(A) Lake Chilka
(B) Lake Pulicat
(C) Lake Toba
(D) None of these
(A) Lake Chilka
(B) Lake Pulicat
(C) Lake Toba
(D) None of these
69. Which instrument is used for measuring the intensity of an earthquake ?
(A) Seismograph
(B) Hythergraph
(C) Altimeter
(D) None of these
(A) Seismograph
(B) Hythergraph
(C) Altimeter
(D) None of these
70. Which of the following pairs is correct ?
(A) Alfred Wegener—Plate Tectonics
(B) Archdeacon pratt—Continental Drift Theory
(C) William Moris Davis—Geographical Cycle of Erosion
(D) Walter Penck—Theory of Isostasy
(A) Alfred Wegener—Plate Tectonics
(B) Archdeacon pratt—Continental Drift Theory
(C) William Moris Davis—Geographical Cycle of Erosion
(D) Walter Penck—Theory of Isostasy
71. Which of the following is an example of volcanic mountains ?
(A) Rockies
(B) Fujiyoma
(C) Salt range
(D) Caucasus
(A) Rockies
(B) Fujiyoma
(C) Salt range
(D) Caucasus
72. The example of an intermontane plateau is—
(A) The Plateau of Bolivia
(B) The Plateau of Antrim
(C) The Deccan Plateau
(D) The Plateau of Pantagonia
(A) The Plateau of Bolivia
(B) The Plateau of Antrim
(C) The Deccan Plateau
(D) The Plateau of Pantagonia
73. Monadnocks are situated in—
(A) Mountain
(B) Fold mountain
(C) Peneplain
(D) Loess plain
(A) Mountain
(B) Fold mountain
(C) Peneplain
(D) Loess plain
74. That layer of the atmosphere, where ozone gas is found—
(A) Troposphere
(B) Stratosphere
(C) Mesosphere
(D) Thermosphere
(A) Troposphere
(B) Stratosphere
(C) Mesosphere
(D) Thermosphere
75. Radiant energy from the sun that strikes the earth is called—
(A) Solar constant
(B) Insolation
(C) Heat budget
(D) Terrestrial radiation
(A) Solar constant
(B) Insolation
(C) Heat budget
(D) Terrestrial radiation
76. The maximum annual range of temperature occurs over—
(A) Poles
(B) Near the equator
(C) Coastal regions
(D) Asia and North America at latitude 60°N
(A) Poles
(B) Near the equator
(C) Coastal regions
(D) Asia and North America at latitude 60°N
77. Which of the following are horse latitudes ?
(A) 30°to 35°latitudes in both the hemispheres
(B) 10°North latitude
(C) 60°latitude
(D) None of the above
(A) 30°to 35°latitudes in both the hemispheres
(B) 10°North latitude
(C) 60°latitude
(D) None of the above
78. Which of the following statements is not true ?
(A) When the temperature of air increases, the pressure of air decreases
(B) When the temperature of air decreases, the pressure of air increases
(C) A rising thermometer shows a falling barometer
(D) When air rises, the pressure of air increases
(A) When the temperature of air increases, the pressure of air decreases
(B) When the temperature of air decreases, the pressure of air increases
(C) A rising thermometer shows a falling barometer
(D) When air rises, the pressure of air increases
79. Which pair is incorrect ?
(A) Fohn—Dry and warm wind
(B) Chinook —Snow eater
(C) Mistral —Winter season
(D) Bora —North America
(A) Fohn—Dry and warm wind
(B) Chinook —Snow eater
(C) Mistral —Winter season
(D) Bora —North America
80. Which of the following is not a cyclone ?
(A) Tornado
(B) Hurricane
(C) Typhoon
(D) Sirocco
(A) Tornado
(B) Hurricane
(C) Typhoon
(D) Sirocco
81. Which one of the following is not erosional landform of wind ?
(A) Cirque
(B) Inselberg
(C) Mushroom rock
(D) Zeugen
(A) Cirque
(B) Inselberg
(C) Mushroom rock
(D) Zeugen
82. Which type of rainfall occurs over north-west India during winter season ?
(A) Cyclonic rainfall
(B) Orographic rainfall
(C) Convectional rainfall
(D) Anticyclonic rainfall
(A) Cyclonic rainfall
(B) Orographic rainfall
(C) Convectional rainfall
(D) Anticyclonic rainfall
83.
In which of the spheres of the atmosphere temperature decreases at the
rate of 6.5°centigrade with a height of one thousand metres ?
(A) Mesosphere
(B) Ionosphere
(C) Ozonosphere
(D) Troposphere
(A) Mesosphere
(B) Ionosphere
(C) Ozonosphere
(D) Troposphere
84. Ratio between water and land on the earth is —
(A) 78 : 22
(B) 71 : 29
(C) 80 : 20
(D) 20 : 80
(A) 78 : 22
(B) 71 : 29
(C) 80 : 20
(D) 20 : 80
85. The northern hemisphere is called as—
(A) The land hemisphere
(B) The water hemisphere
(C) Water planet
(D) None of these
(A) The land hemisphere
(B) The water hemisphere
(C) Water planet
(D) None of these
86. The ocean’s greatest depth is—
(A) Aleutian Trench
(B) Japan Trench
(C) Mariana Trench
(D) Java Trench
(A) Aleutian Trench
(B) Japan Trench
(C) Mariana Trench
(D) Java Trench
87. The zone of highest salinity is—
(A) The tropical zone of the sea
(B) The temperate zone of the sea
(C) The polar zone of the sea
(D) None of the above
(A) The tropical zone of the sea
(B) The temperate zone of the sea
(C) The polar zone of the sea
(D) None of the above
88. Which one of the following is a warm ocean current ?
(A) Kurushio current
(B) California current
(C) Okhotsk current
(D) Falkland current
(A) Kurushio current
(B) California current
(C) Okhotsk current
(D) Falkland current
89. Which one of the following is an example of coral island ?
(A) Ellice
(B) Barren
(C) Krakatao
(D) Sandwich
(A) Ellice
(B) Barren
(C) Krakatao
(D) Sandwich
90. Which one of the following is an activity of the Eskimos and Lapps ?
(A) Agriculture
(B) Plantation agriculture
(C) Hunting and fishing
(D) None of these
(A) Agriculture
(B) Plantation agriculture
(C) Hunting and fishing
(D) None of these
91. Bushman is associated with—
(A) Kalahari desert
(B) Congo basin
(C) Himalaya mountains
(D) Malwa plateau
(A) Kalahari desert
(B) Congo basin
(C) Himalaya mountains
(D) Malwa plateau
92. Which one of the following is not a habitat of the Santhals ?
(A) West Bengal
(B) Orissa
(C) Jharkhand
(D) Punjab
(A) West Bengal
(B) Orissa
(C) Jharkhand
(D) Punjab
93. Which state of India has the highest percentage of scheduled tribe population ?
(A) Mizoram
(B) Nagaland
(C) Meghalaya
(D) Assam
(A) Mizoram
(B) Nagaland
(C) Meghalaya
(D) Assam
94. Which continent has the highest growth of population ?
(A) Africa
(B) South America
(C) Europe
(D) Asia
(A) Africa
(B) South America
(C) Europe
(D) Asia
95. Which is not a sparsely populated area ?
(A) Cold Polar Region
(B) Sahara
(C) South-Eastern Asia
(D) Kalahari
(A) Cold Polar Region
(B) Sahara
(C) South-Eastern Asia
(D) Kalahari
96. Which one of the following has maximum farm-houses ?
(A) India
(B) United States of America
(C) China
(D) Japan
(A) India
(B) United States of America
(C) China
(D) Japan
97. Which one of the following is a mining city ?
(A) Kalgoorlie
(B) Oxford
(C) Singapore
(D) Islamabad
(A) Kalgoorlie
(B) Oxford
(C) Singapore
(D) Islamabad
98. Which one of the following pairs is correct ?
(A) Concentric Zone Theory—E.W. Burgess
(B) Sector Theory—Alfred Weber
(C) Multi-Nuclei Theory—Homer Hoyt
(D) Fused Growth Theory—Griffith Taylor
(A) Concentric Zone Theory—E.W. Burgess
(B) Sector Theory—Alfred Weber
(C) Multi-Nuclei Theory—Homer Hoyt
(D) Fused Growth Theory—Griffith Taylor
99. The largest producer of rice in the world is—
(A) India
(B) Sri Lanka
(C) China
(D) Bangladesh
(A) India
(B) Sri Lanka
(C) China
(D) Bangladesh
100. Which one of the following geographical conditions is not favourable for wheat cultivation ?
(A) 10°celcius temperature at the time of sowing
(B) Loamy soils
(C) More than 250 cm annual rainfall
(D) Level land
(A) 10°celcius temperature at the time of sowing
(B) Loamy soils
(C) More than 250 cm annual rainfall
(D) Level land
101. Which of the following is also grown as a ‘Zaid’ crop ?
(A) Sugarcane
(B) Cotton
(C) Maize for fodder
(D) Jute
(A) Sugarcane
(B) Cotton
(C) Maize for fodder
(D) Jute
102. Tea can be grown on—
(A) Hill slopes
(B) Plains
(C) Swamps
(D) None of these
(A) Hill slopes
(B) Plains
(C) Swamps
(D) None of these
103. Which of the following is a plantation crop ?
(A) Wheat
(B) Maize
(C) Barley
(D) Coffee
(A) Wheat
(B) Maize
(C) Barley
(D) Coffee
104. Which of the following is not a rubber producing country ?
(A) Thailand
(B) India
(C) Sri Lanka
(D) None of these
(A) Thailand
(B) India
(C) Sri Lanka
(D) None of these
105. Which of the following statements is correct in relation to cotton production ?
(A) Cotton is grown in tropical areas
(B) Sri Lanka is the largest exporter of cotton
(C) Cotton is a dominant crop in areas of over 1000 cm annual rainfall
(D) Cotton can also be grown in Tundra region
(A) Cotton is grown in tropical areas
(B) Sri Lanka is the largest exporter of cotton
(C) Cotton is a dominant crop in areas of over 1000 cm annual rainfall
(D) Cotton can also be grown in Tundra region
106. Which state of India has the largest area under forests ?
(A) Punjab
(B) Madhya Pradesh
(C) Maharashtra
(D) Bihar
(A) Punjab
(B) Madhya Pradesh
(C) Maharashtra
(D) Bihar
107. Grand Bank is a major producer of—
(A) Rice
(B) Marine fisheries
(C) Iron ore
(D) Tea
(A) Rice
(B) Marine fisheries
(C) Iron ore
(D) Tea
108. Which of the following is a type of iron ore ?
(A) Anthracite
(B) Lignite
(C) Peat
(D) Limonite
(A) Anthracite
(B) Lignite
(C) Peat
(D) Limonite
109. Manganese is used for making—
(A) Iron and steel
(B) Paint
(C) China clay
(D) In all these
(A) Iron and steel
(B) Paint
(C) China clay
(D) In all these
110. Which state of India is the largest producer of copper ?
(A) Madhya Pradesh
(B) Rajasthan
(C) Jharkhand
(D) Assam
(A) Madhya Pradesh
(B) Rajasthan
(C) Jharkhand
(D) Assam
111. Bauxite is used for making—
(A) Coal
(B) Gold
(C) Aluminium
(D) None of these
(A) Coal
(B) Gold
(C) Aluminium
(D) None of these
112. Which continent of the world has the maximum known coal reserves ?
(A) North America
(B) South America
(C) Australia
(D) Africa
(A) North America
(B) South America
(C) Australia
(D) Africa
113. Which of the following pairs is correct ?
(A) Jharia coalfield—Jharkhand
(B) Girdih coalfield—West Bengal
(C) Korba coalfield—Madhya Pradesh
(D) Umaria coalfield—Chhattisgarh
(A) Jharia coalfield—Jharkhand
(B) Girdih coalfield—West Bengal
(C) Korba coalfield—Madhya Pradesh
(D) Umaria coalfield—Chhattisgarh
114. In which rocks are the oil reserves mainly found in India ?
(A) Igneous
(B) Sedimentary
(C) Metamorphic
(D) None of these
(A) Igneous
(B) Sedimentary
(C) Metamorphic
(D) None of these
115. Which of the following pairs does not match ?
(A) Lower Sileru—Andhra Pradesh
(B) Nagarjun Sagar—Karnataka
(C) Koyna—Maharashtra
(D) Pong—Punjab
(A) Lower Sileru—Andhra Pradesh
(B) Nagarjun Sagar—Karnataka
(C) Koyna—Maharashtra
(D) Pong—Punjab
116. Which of the following pairs is not correct ?
(A) Jog—Waterfall
(B) Ankleshwar—Mineral oilfield
(C) Bokaro—Gold mine
(D) Paradwip—Iron and steel plant
(A) Jog—Waterfall
(B) Ankleshwar—Mineral oilfield
(C) Bokaro—Gold mine
(D) Paradwip—Iron and steel plant
117. Not related to textile industry is—
(A) Spinning
(B) Weaving
(C) Jute
(D) Pulp
(A) Spinning
(B) Weaving
(C) Jute
(D) Pulp
118. Which is India’s first oil refinery ?
(A) Digboi
(B) Panipat
(C) Trombay
(D) Vishakhapatnam
(A) Digboi
(B) Panipat
(C) Trombay
(D) Vishakhapatnam
119. Manchester is known for—
(A) Silk Industry
(B) Woollen Textile
(C) Cotton Textile
(D) None of these
(A) Silk Industry
(B) Woollen Textile
(C) Cotton Textile
(D) None of these
120. Which is the most universal mode of transport ?
(A) Road Transport
(B) Rail Transport
(C) Ocean Transport
(D) None of these
(A) Road Transport
(B) Rail Transport
(C) Ocean Transport
(D) None of these
1. (D) 2. (D) 3. (C) 4. (D) 5. (D) 6. (B) 7. (C) 8. (C) 9. (A) 10. (C)
11. (D) 12. (A) 13. (C) 14. (A) 15. (B) 16. (B) 17. (A) 18. (C) 19. (D) 20. (A)
21. (B) 22. (B) 23. (B) 24. (C) 25. (C) 26. (B) 27. (A) 28. (D) 29. (B) 30. (A)
31. (D) 32. (A) 33. (D) 34. (D) 35. (D) 36. (D) 37. (D) 38. (D) 39. (C) 40. (A) 41. (D) 42. (A) 43. (D) 44. (C) 45. (C) 46. (D) 47. (C) 48. (D) 49. (A) 50. (D) 51. (B) 52. (D) 53. (D) 54. (B) 55. (B) 56. (A) 57. (B) 58. (D) 59. (B) 60. (D) 61. (A) 62. (B) 63. (D) 64. (A) 65. (B) 66. (A) 67. (B) 68. (C) 69. (A) 70. (C) 71. (B) 72. (A) 73. (C) 74. (B) 75. (B) 76. (D) 77. (A) 78. (D) 79. (D) 80. (D) 81. (A) 82. (A) 83. (D) 84. (B) 85. (A) 86. (C) 87. (A) 88. (A) 89. (A) 90. (C) 91. (A) 92. (D) 93. (A) 94. (A) 95. (C) 96. (B) 97. (A) 98. (A) 99. (C) 100. (C) 101. (C) 102. (A) 103. (D) 104. (D) 105. (A) 106. (B) 107. (B) 108. (D) 109. (D) 110. (B) 111. (C) 112. (A) 113. (A) 114. (B) 115. (B) 116. (*) In given pairs (C) and (D) pairs are incorrect. So this question is wrong. 117. (D) 118. (A) 119. (C) 120. (A)
Wednesday, May 16, 2012
Agromet Advisory Services - Farmers Empowerment
Growing
uncertainties of weather and climate pose a major threat to food security of
the country and thus warrant for farmers empowerment of informed decision in
agricultural risk management. Besides the possible impacts of climate change
also pose major challenges in agriculture sector in the country. The
combination of long-term changes and the greater frequency of extreme weather
events are also likely to have adverse impacts on the food production in the
coming decades. India Meteorological Department has taken major initiative to
implement innovative and state of art technologies which are essential to
address the above mentioned issues of weather and climate on Indian
agriculture and also to realize the
present day needs of the farmers of the country and also to meet the demands of
the poorer section of the country. India Meteorological Department (IMD)
started Integrated Agro-Meteorological Advisory Service (IAAS) in the country
for the benefits of farmers. Agro-meteorological service rendered by IMD,
Ministry of Earth Sciences is an innovative step to contribute to weather
information based crop/livestock management strategies and operations dedicated
to enhancing crop production by providing real time crop and location specific
agromet services with outreach to village level. This indeed has a potential to
change the face of India
in terms of food security and poverty alleviation.
The IAAS
provides a very special kind of inputs to the farmer as advisory bulletin.
It has made a tremendous difference to
the agriculture production by taking the advantage of benevolent weather and
minimizes the adverse impact of malevolent weather. IMD launched the scheme
IAAS in the country in collaboration
with different organisations/institutes/stakeholders from 1st April
2007 for weather wise farm management. Under IAAS, a mechanism was developed to
integrate weather forecast, climatic and agro-meteorological information to
prepare agro-advisories which contribute significantly to enhance farm
productivity and trying to solve the food security in India.
Structure of IAAS
This project is
implemented through five tier structure to set up different components of the
service spectrum. It includes meteorological (weather observing &
forecasting), agricultural (identifying weather sensitive stress &
preparing suitable advisory using weather forecast), extension (two way
communication with user) and information dissemination (Media, Information
Technology, Telecom) agencies.
Weather Forecast –Seven Parametres
From 1 June,
2008 quantitative district level weather forecast up to 5 days is issued. The
product comprises of quantitative forecasts for 7 weather parameters viz.,
rainfall, maximum and minimum temperatures, wind speed and direction, relative
humidity and cloudiness. In addition, weekly cumulative rainfall forecast is
also provided. IMD, New Delhi
generates these products using Multi Model Ensemble technique based on forecast
products available from number models of India and other countries. The
products were disseminated to Regional Meteorological Centres and
Meteorological Centres of IMD located in different states. These products after value addition using synoptic interpretation of model output are communicated to 130 Agro Met Field Units (AMFUs) co-located with State
Agriculture Universities (SAUs), institutes of Indian Council of Agriculture
Research (ICAR), Indian Institute of Technology (IITs) etc., for preparation of
district level agro-met advisories twice a week i.e. Tuesday and Friday.
AAS Bulletins at Different Level
The Agromet Advisory
Bulletins are issued at district, state and national levels. The district level
bulletins are issued by AMFUs and include crop specific advisories including
field crops, horticultural crops and livestock. The State Level bulletin
jointly prepared by State Meteorological Centre of IMD and AMFUs is a composite
of district bulletins helping to identify the distressed districts of the state
as well as plan the supply of appropriate farm inputs such as seeds, irrigation
water, fertilizer, pesticides etc. It forms a significant input to the State
level weekly Crop Weather Watch Group (CWWG) meeting and used by state
government line function departments viz: Fertilizer industry, Pesticide
industry, Irrigation Department, Seed Corporation, Transport and other
organizations which provide inputs in agriculture. National Agromet Advisory
Bulletins are prepared by National Agromet Advisory Service Centre, Division of
Agriculture Meteorology, IMD, Pune, using inputs from various states. This bulletin helps identify stress on
various crops for different regions of the country and suitably incorporate
advisories.
Ministry of
Agriculture is prime user of these bulletins, as important decisions are taken
in weekly Crop Weather Watch Group meetings steered by Ministry of Agriculture
at national level. The bulletins are also used by a large number of other
agencies including fertilizer, pesticide industries. At present bulletins are
being issued twice in a week i.e., Tuesday and Friday and reach 23 state and
560 district level centres.
District-specific
medium-term forecast information and advisories help to maximize output and
avert crop damage or loss. It also helps growers anticipate and plan for
pesticide applications, irrigation scheduling, disease and pest outbreaks and
many more weather related agriculture-specific operations. Such operations
include cultivar selection, their dates of sowing/planting, dates of
intercultural operations, dates of harvesting and also performing post harvest
operations. Agromet advisories help increase profits by consistently delivering
actionable weather information, analysis and decision support for farming
situations such as: to manage pests through forecast of relative humidity,
temperature and wind; manage irrigation through rainfall & temperature
forecasts; protect crop from thermal stress through forecasting of extreme
temperature etc.
A typical
Agromet Advisory Bulletin enables farmers to reap benefits of benevolent
weather and minimize or mitigate the impacts of adverse weather are:
·
District specific
weather forecast, in quantitative terms, for next 5 days for weather parameters
like rainfall, cloud, maximum/minimum temperature, wind speed/direction and
relative humidity, including forewarning of hazardous weather events (cyclone,
hailstorm, heat/cold waves, drought and flood etc) likely to cause stress on
standing crop and suggestions to protect the crop from them.
·
Weather forecast based
information on soil moisture status and guidance for application of irrigation,
fertilizer and herbicides etc.
·
Advisories on dates of
sowing/planting and suitability of carrying out intercultural operations
covering the entire crop spectrum from pre-sowing to post harvest to guide
farmer in his day–to-day cultural operations.
·
Weather forecast based
forewarning system for major pests and diseases of principal crops and advises
on plant protection measures.
·
Propagation of
techniques for manipulation of crop’s microclimate e.g. shading, mulching,
other surface modification, shelter belt, frost protection etc. to protect
crops under stressed conditions.
·
Reducing contribution
of agricultural production system to global warming and environment degradation
through judicious management of land, water and farm inputs, particularly
pesticides, herbicides and fertilizers.
·
Advisory for livestock
on health, shelter and nutrition.
The
support on above is rendered through preparing district specific
agrometeorological advisory bulletins which are tailored to meet the farmers’
need and are made relevant to his decision making processes. The suggested
advisories generally alter actions in a way that improves outcomes as it
contains advice on farm management actions aiming to take advantage of good
weather and mitigate the stress on crop/livestock. The bulletins are encoded in
a format and language which is easy to comprehend by the farmer. The
agrometeorologists first interpret the immediate past weather and the forecast
for next 5 days and translate it into layman’s terms so that the farmers can
understand it. They use state-of-art technology such as crop weather models,
climatic risk management tools, GIS generated agromet products etc., for
framing the advisory bulletins. Also, interaction between the AMFUs and farmers
to identify the weather sensitive decisions is promoted under the service
through participatory approach. This step fosters a relationship between the
IMD, AMFUs, farmers and other stakeholders so that they can identify or
diagnose the gaps in weather information and services available from the IMD.
Friday, April 27, 2012
Programme on National Monsoon Mission
The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs
approved the implementation of the programme of the National Monsoon
Mission at the Earth System Science Organisation (ESSO) for a period of
five years.
The main objectives of the National Monsoon Mission are:
(i) To build a working partnership between the academic and R&D organisations both national and international and the operational agencies to improve the operational monsoon forecast skill over the country.
(ii) To set up a state of the art dynamic modelling framework for improving the prediction skill of:
a. Seasonal and extended range prediction system (16 days to one season)
b. Short to medium range prediction system (up to 15 days).
The Mission has a budget of Rs.400 crore for five years to support the research work related to the mission.
The National Monsoon Mission after its implementation will help to implement a dynamic prediction system for the prediction of monsoon in all time scales, short range to seasonal time scale at appropriate spatial scales with improved prediction skill. The forecasts based on this prediction system will cater to the needs of various sectors like agriculture, water resources management, power generation, disaster management, tourism and transport.
The programme will be undertaken through two sub-missions on two different time scales, (i) extended range to seasonal time scale to be coordinated by the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM) Pune/ESSO and (ii) short to medium range scale, to be coordinated by the National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF)/ESSO. The Indian National Center for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS)/ESSO will provide the ocean observations for assimilation and the India Meteorological Department/ESSO will implement the research outcome of the efforts in operational mode. The Mission will support focused research by national and international research groups with definitive objectives and deliverables to improve the models in the short, medium, extended and seasonal range scales at appropriate spatial scales. The Mission will also support observational programmes that will result in better understanding of the processes. The progress of the National Monsoon Mission will be reviewed and monitored by two committees. The Scientific Review and Monitoring Committee (SRMC) will review the research proposals from different research groups and monitor the progress of the research work. The Scientific Steering Committee (SSC), which is the apex body will steer the programme, advise and direct midcourse corrections, if any.
Background:
Prediction of monsoon rainfall variability in all spatial and time scales is very important for many sectors like agriculture, water resources management, power generation and natural ecosystems and thus economy of the country. The present statistical methods being used by the India Meteorological Department have some constraints to meet specific user requirements for forecasts on finer spatial and temporal scale. Therefore, it is necessary to make use of the state of the art dynamic models to improve monsoon prediction skills.
The main objectives of the National Monsoon Mission are:
(i) To build a working partnership between the academic and R&D organisations both national and international and the operational agencies to improve the operational monsoon forecast skill over the country.
(ii) To set up a state of the art dynamic modelling framework for improving the prediction skill of:
a. Seasonal and extended range prediction system (16 days to one season)
b. Short to medium range prediction system (up to 15 days).
The Mission has a budget of Rs.400 crore for five years to support the research work related to the mission.
The National Monsoon Mission after its implementation will help to implement a dynamic prediction system for the prediction of monsoon in all time scales, short range to seasonal time scale at appropriate spatial scales with improved prediction skill. The forecasts based on this prediction system will cater to the needs of various sectors like agriculture, water resources management, power generation, disaster management, tourism and transport.
The programme will be undertaken through two sub-missions on two different time scales, (i) extended range to seasonal time scale to be coordinated by the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM) Pune/ESSO and (ii) short to medium range scale, to be coordinated by the National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF)/ESSO. The Indian National Center for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS)/ESSO will provide the ocean observations for assimilation and the India Meteorological Department/ESSO will implement the research outcome of the efforts in operational mode. The Mission will support focused research by national and international research groups with definitive objectives and deliverables to improve the models in the short, medium, extended and seasonal range scales at appropriate spatial scales. The Mission will also support observational programmes that will result in better understanding of the processes. The progress of the National Monsoon Mission will be reviewed and monitored by two committees. The Scientific Review and Monitoring Committee (SRMC) will review the research proposals from different research groups and monitor the progress of the research work. The Scientific Steering Committee (SSC), which is the apex body will steer the programme, advise and direct midcourse corrections, if any.
Background:
Prediction of monsoon rainfall variability in all spatial and time scales is very important for many sectors like agriculture, water resources management, power generation and natural ecosystems and thus economy of the country. The present statistical methods being used by the India Meteorological Department have some constraints to meet specific user requirements for forecasts on finer spatial and temporal scale. Therefore, it is necessary to make use of the state of the art dynamic models to improve monsoon prediction skills.
Extension in implementation period and revision in allocation of funds in the Jute Technology Mission
The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs approved extension of the Jute Technology Mission and revision in
allocation of funds. This will give an impetus to the Jute Technology
Mission for better agronomic practices and operationalise enhanced
efficiencies of scale and latest technological practices in development
of the jute sector.
The following has been approved:
(a) Extension in implementation period of the "Jute Technology Mission (2006-07 to 2010-11)" by two years beyond 2010-11 (i.e. 2006-07 to 2012-13).
(b) Year-wise reallocation of funds among the Missions while maintaining the overall grants at the same level as was approved by the CCEA vide its meeting held in June, 2006.
It will provide benefits to 0.37 million workers employed in jute mills and ancillary units as well as support the livelihood of around 4.0 million farm families through successful implementation of the Jute Technology Mission. Besides, it will help to modernize the jute industry and enable the country to reap the benefits of enhanced levels of jute diversification.
Background:
The Government of India launched the Jute Technology Mission (JTM) spanning a period of 5 years during the 11th Five Year Plan period (2007-08 to 2011-12) for overall development of the jute industry and growth of the Jute Sector. The Jute Technology Mission with a total outlay of Rs. 355.55 crore has four Mini Missions pertaining to agriculture research and seed development, agronomic practices, harvest and post harvest techniques, primary and secondary processing of raw jute, diversified product development and marketing and distribution.
The following has been approved:
(a) Extension in implementation period of the "Jute Technology Mission (2006-07 to 2010-11)" by two years beyond 2010-11 (i.e. 2006-07 to 2012-13).
(b) Year-wise reallocation of funds among the Missions while maintaining the overall grants at the same level as was approved by the CCEA vide its meeting held in June, 2006.
It will provide benefits to 0.37 million workers employed in jute mills and ancillary units as well as support the livelihood of around 4.0 million farm families through successful implementation of the Jute Technology Mission. Besides, it will help to modernize the jute industry and enable the country to reap the benefits of enhanced levels of jute diversification.
Background:
The Government of India launched the Jute Technology Mission (JTM) spanning a period of 5 years during the 11th Five Year Plan period (2007-08 to 2011-12) for overall development of the jute industry and growth of the Jute Sector. The Jute Technology Mission with a total outlay of Rs. 355.55 crore has four Mini Missions pertaining to agriculture research and seed development, agronomic practices, harvest and post harvest techniques, primary and secondary processing of raw jute, diversified product development and marketing and distribution.
Thursday, April 19, 2012
ANDHRA PRADESH STATISTICS
ANDHRA PRADESH | |||
| Sl. No. | Item | Unit | State |
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| 1 | Area | '000 Sq.Kms | 275 |
| 2 | Population as per 2011 Census (Provisional) | ||
| a) Total population | No. | 84665533 | |
| b) Males | " | 42509881 | |
| c) Females | " | 42155652 | |
| Percentage decadal growth rate of population | |||
| a) 1991-01 | % | 14.59 | |
| b) 2001-11 | % | 11.10 | |
| Sex- Ratio (Number of Females per 1000 Males) | |||
| a) 2001 | No. | 978 | |
| b) 2011 | " | 992 | |
| Population density per sq. km. | |||
| a) 2001 | No. | 277 | |
| b) 2011 | " | 308 | |
| Population(0-6 years) | |||
| a) Total population | No. | 8642686 | |
| b) Males | " | 4448330 | |
| c) Females | " | 4194356 | |
| Literates | |||
| Male | No. | 28759782 | |
| Female | " | 22678728 | |
| Total | " | 51438510 | |
| Literacy Rate | |||
| Male | % | 75.56 | |
| Female | " | 59.74 | |
| Total | " | 67.66 | |
| 3 | Population (As per 2001 Census) | ||
| a) Total Population | No | 76210007 | |
| b) Urban Population | " | 20808940 | |
| c) Urban Population as % to Total Population | % | 27.30 | |
| d) Rural Population | No. | 55401067 | |
| e) Rural Population as % to Total Population | % | 72.70 | |
| f) Population(0-6 years) | No. | 10171857 | |
| g) No.of Households | " | 16849857 | |
| Density of Population (per sq.km) | " | 277 | |
| Scheduled Caste Population | " | 12339496 | |
| Scheduled Tribe Population | " | 5024104 | |
| Literates | |||
| Male | No | 23444788 | |
| Female | " | 16489535 | |
| Total | " | 39934323 | |
| Literacy Rate | |||
| Male | % | 70.3 | |
| Female | " | 50.4 | |
| Total | " | 60.5 | |
| Classification of Workers (As per 2001 Census) | |||
| (A) Total Workers (i+ii) | No | 34893859 | |
| i ) Main Workers | " | 29040873 | |
| ii)Marginal Workers | " | 5852986 | |
| a) Cultivators | " | 7859534 | |
| b) Agriculture Labourers | " | 13832152 | |
| c) Household Industry | " | 1642105 | |
| d) Other Workers | " | 11560068 | |
| (B) Non-Workers | " | 41316148 | |
| 4 | Administrative Divisions | ||
| Revenue Divisions | " | 81 | |
| Towns | " | 210 | |
| Revenue Mandals | " | 1128 | |
| Mandal Parishads | " | 1094 | |
| Gram Panchayats as on31.03.'01 | " | 21943 | |
| Revenue Villages as per 2001 Census | " | 28123 | |
| a) Inhabited Villages | " | 26613 | |
| b) Un-inhabited Villages | " | 1510 | |
| Allopathic | |||
| a) Hospitals | No. | 446 | |
| b) Primary Health centres | " | 1,581 | |
| c) Hospital beds | " | 39,378 | |
| d) Dispensaries | " | 292 | |
| e) Doctors | |||
| Regular | No. | 8833 | |
| Contract | " | 983 | |
| Ayurveda | |||
| a) Dispensaries | No. | 566 | |
| b) Doctors | " | 292 | |
| Homoeopathy | |||
| a) Dispensaries | No. | 287 | |
| b) Doctors | " | 180 | |
| Unani | |||
| a) Dispensaries | No. | 196 | |
| b) Doctors | " | 165 | |
| Seasonal Conditions | |||
| a) Normal Rainfall | mms | 940.1 | |
| b) Actual Rainfall (2010-11) | " | 1227.0 | |
| c) Percentage Deviation | % | 31 | |
| Gross Cropped Area | Hects. | 12560466 | |
| Net Cropped Area | " | 9991455 | |
| a) Gross Irrigated Area | " | 5763957 | |
| b) Gross Area Irrigated as % to total cropped area | % | 45.9 | |
| Net Irrigated Area | Hects. | 4214338 | |
| Area under Principal Crops 2009-10 | |||
| a) Rice | Hects. | 3440736 | |
| b) Jowar | " | 384834 | |
| c) Bajra | " | 45349 | |
| d) Maize | " | 782632 | |
| e) Red Gram | " | 463287 | |
| f) Bengal gram | " | 646894 | |
| g) Black Gram(Mash) | " | 429118 | |
| h) Greeen Gram | " | 306623 | |
| i) Horse Gram | " | 59465 | |
| j) Chillies | " | 206541 | |
| k) Onions | " | 36562 | |
| l) Groundnut | " | 1301182 | |
| m) Castor | " | 147582 | |
| n) Sesamum | " | 90470 | |
| o) Sunflower | " | 350523 | |
| p) Cashewnut | " | 139271 | |
| q) Cotton | " | 1467025 | |
| r) Tobbaco | " | 198911 | |
| s) Sugarcane | " | 306645 | |
| t) Coconut | " | 104541 | |
| u) Turmeric | " | 59475 | |
| v) Banana | " | 58229 | |
| w) Mangoes | " | 375965 | |
| Production in tonnes | |||
| a) Rice | Tonnes | 10838267 | |
| b) Jowar | " | 437202 | |
| c) Bajra | " | 53355 | |
| d)Maize | " | 2742948 | |
| e) Red Gram | " | 202943 | |
| f) Bengal gram | " | 846659 | |
| g) Black Gram | " | 268426 | |
| h) Greeen Gram | " | 62606 | |
| i) Horse Gram | " | 36682 | |
| j) Chillies | " | 830990 | |
| k) Onions | " | 708092 | |
| l) Groundnut | " | 1006618 | |
| m) Castor | " | 63733 | |
| n) Sesamum | " | 20732 | |
| o) Sunflower | " | 270089 | |
| p) Cashewnut | " | 44287 | |
| q) Cotton (Lint) | Bales | 3232025 | |
| r) Cotton (Kapas) | Tonnes | 1630089 | |
| s) Tobbaco | Tonnes | 360015 | |
| t) Sugarcane(Gur) | " | 1184808 | |
| u) Coconut | No. of Nuts | 1149330226 | |
| v) Turmeric | Tonnes | 364044 | |
| w) Banana | " | 1775347 | |
| x) Mangoes | " | 1988614 | |
| Livestock Population (with out dogs) | No | 60200863 | |
| Veterinary Institutions as on 31.03.2010 | |||
| Veterinary Hospitals | No. | 281 | |
| Livestock Supervisory Units (Veternary Despensaries) | " | 1826 | |
| Rural Livestock Units | " | 3110 | |
| Gross District Domestic Product at current prices for the year 2007-08 (P) | Rs.in Lakhs | 3,26,54,772 | |
| Net District Domestic Product at current prices for the year 2007-08(P) | " | 2,92,09,786 | |
| Per capita Income at current prices for the year 2007-08(P) | Rs. | 35,600 | |
| Gross District Domestic Product at constant (1999-2000) prices for the year 2007-08 (P) | Rs.in Lakhs | 2,39,37,231 | |
| Net District Domestic Product at constant (1999-2000) prices for the year 2007-08(P) | " | 2,15,20,431 | |
| Per capita Income at constant (1999-2000) prices for the year 2007-08 (P) | Rs. | 26,229 | |
| a) No.of factories | No. | 16,841 | |
| b) Employees | " | 1156691 | |
| c) Value of Input | Rs. in Lakhs | 15846685 | |
| d) Value of output | " | 19929606 | |
| e) Net value added | " | 3578914 | |
| f) Total emoluments | " | 832912 | |
| Power Consumption-2009-10(Provisional) (Low Tension) | |||
| a)Domestic | in MkWh | 13,010.73 | |
| b)Commercial (Non-Domestic) | " | 3355.34 | |
| c)Industry | " | 2525.46 | |
| d)Agriculture | " | 17716.22 | |
| Transport and Communications | |||
| Length of roads as on 31.03.2010 | Kms | ||
| a) Under R&B Department | " | 65,947 | |
| b) Zilla Parishad and Mandal Parishad (Panchayat Raj) | " | 1,29,317, | |
| c) National Highway | " | 4,730 | |
| Total | 199994 | ||
| Road Density | per '000 Sq.Kms. | 727.25 | |
| Motor Vehicles(on Road) | No. | 8227002 | |
| Vehicle density | per Sq.Km. | 29.92 | |
| Telephone connections As on 31st March, 2010) | No. | 23,96,040 | |
| Bank Offices | " | 6,949 | |
| Average Population per Bank (in '000) | " | 12.43 | |
| Credit Deposit Ratio | % | 105.14 | |
| @ | Primary Schools | ||
| No.of Schools | No. | 65,932 | |
| Enrolment | " | 53,92,253 | |
| Teachers | " | 1,69,159 | |
| @ | Upper Primary Schools | ||
| No.of Schools | No. | 15,384 | |
| Enrolment | " | 2,39,5849 | |
| Teachers | " | 90,077 | |
| @ | High Schools | ||
| No.of Schools | No. | 18,143 | |
| Enrolment | " | 54,77,427 | |
| Teachers | " | 1,87,709 | |
| @ | Higher Secondary Schools | ||
| No.of Institutions | No. | 104 | |
| Enrolment | " | 100,827 | |
| Teachers | " | 4,147 | |
| @ | Junior Colleges | ||
| No.of Colleges | No. | 4,593 | |
| Enrolment | " | 15,15,787 | |
| Teachers | " | 44,471 | |
| Tourist Arrivals As on 31st December, 2009 | No. | 158285100 | |
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