1. When one goes from west to east, which one of the following is the correct sequence of location of the towns one would find?
(a) Jeddah, Beirut, Baghdad, Tehran
(b) Beirut, Baghdad, Jeddah, Tehran
(c) Beirut, Jeddah, Tehran, Baghdad
(d) Beirut, Jeddah, Baghdad, Tehran
Exp:
(a) Jeddah, Beirut, Baghdad, Tehran
(b) Beirut, Baghdad, Jeddah, Tehran
(c) Beirut, Jeddah, Tehran, Baghdad
(d) Beirut, Jeddah, Baghdad, Tehran
Exp:
2. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below.
List I (Regions of Brazil) List II (Important Towns)
A) North 1) Recife
B) South-east 2) Cuiaba
C) Centre West 3) Sao Paulo
D) North-east 4) Manaus
Codes
A B C D
(a) 3 4 2 1
(b) 4 3 2 1
(c) 3 4 1 2
(d) 4 3 1 2
Exp:
3. Which of the following island groups in South Asia are formed of coral polyps?
1. Andaman
2. Amindive
3. Maldives
4. Minicoy
Select the correct answer using the code given below
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 and 4 only
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) 2, 3 and 4
Exp:
Amindivi and Minicoy are an island group in the Union Territory of Lakshadweep which are all formed of coral reefs, atolls, and submerged coral banks.
Whereas the Andaman Islands are a group of Indian Ocean archipelagic islands in the Bay of Bengal.
Note: An archipelago is a chain or cluster of islands that are formed tectonically.
4. Gaza Strip is on the shore of which one of the following?
(a) Mediterranean Sea
(b) Persian Gulf
(c) Red Sea
(d) Gulf of Oman
Exp:
(a) Mediterranean Sea
(b) Persian Gulf
(c) Red Sea
(d) Gulf of Oman
Exp:
5. Which one of the following is a virtually rainless place?
(a) Kalahari Desert
(b) Sahara Desert
(c) Atacama Desert
(d) Gibson Desert
Ans: c
(a) Kalahari Desert
(b) Sahara Desert
(c) Atacama Desert
(d) Gibson Desert
Ans: c
6. Consider the following characteristic of a Rock type
1. Formed by the cooling and solidification of molten magma.
2. Molten lava when cooled forms into crystals
3. Forms into lava plateaus, lava plains and lava shields
Which one of the following mentioned rocks possess the above characteristics?
(a) Sedimentary rocks
(b) Igneous rocks
(c) Metamorphic rocks
(d) Both Metamorphic and Sedimentary rocks
1. Formed by the cooling and solidification of molten magma.
2. Molten lava when cooled forms into crystals
3. Forms into lava plateaus, lava plains and lava shields
Which one of the following mentioned rocks possess the above characteristics?
(a) Sedimentary rocks
(b) Igneous rocks
(c) Metamorphic rocks
(d) Both Metamorphic and Sedimentary rocks
7. Which of the following is the correct sequence of the cities located on the Californian Peninsula from north to south?
(a) San Lucas, San Diego, Comondu
(b) San Diego, San Lucas, Comondu
(c) Comondu, San Lucas, San Diego
(d) San Diego, Comondu, San Lucas
Exp :
Cabo San Lucas is a city at the southern tip of the Baja California peninsula
(a) San Lucas, San Diego, Comondu
(b) San Diego, San Lucas, Comondu
(c) Comondu, San Lucas, San Diego
(d) San Diego, Comondu, San Lucas
Exp :
Cabo San Lucas is a city at the southern tip of the Baja California peninsula
8. With reference to thermal imagery, which one of the following statements is not correct?
(a) Warmer objects emit more infra-red radiation than cooler objects.
(b) Warmer objects appear lighter than the cooler objects.
(c) Any object whose temperature is even below zero K can be imaged during day and night.
(d) Difference in emissivity is important in determining thermal patterns in the image.
Exp: Any object which is at the temperature of absolute zero (0K or -273oC) stops emitting any radiation. So it can’t be imaged.
9. Which of the following pair is not correctly matched?
(a) Volcanic lake - Lonar
(b) Lagoon - Pulicat
(c) Rockfall lake - Lunkaransar
(d) Glacial lake - Verinag
Exp: Lunkaransar is a small, closed, dry basin surrounded by dunes at the northeastern margin of the Thar Desert
10. With reference to a typical False Colour Composite (FCC). Which one of the statements is not correct?
(a) Healthy growing vegetation appears bright red.
(b) Deep and polluted water bodies appear blue.
(c) Cloud, sand and snow appear white.
(d) Urbanized, built-up areas appear grey
Exp:
FALSE COLOUR COMPOSITE (FCC)
In case, the images generated by remote sensing measurements in blue (0.4-0.5 micro meter), green (0.5-0.6 micro meter) and red (0.6 - 0.7 micro meter) bands are combined by superposing the transmission through blue, green and red filters respectively. The resultant print transparency is known as True Color Composite·.
Other possible combinations of colour filters and spectral band images are known as False Colour Composites (FCCs). By assigning colors complementary to observation band one could improve the visual perception and this is achieved in standard FCC by assigning blue, green and red colour to observations in green (0.52-0.59 micro meter), red (0.62 - 0.68 micro meter) and near infrared (0.77 - 0.86 micro meter) spectra bands respectively of IRS LISS Sensor.
1. The vegetation normally reflects predominantly in near-IR region as compared to green or red spectral band. Hence, vegetation appears red in standard FCC due to assignment of infrared band ID red colour.
2. The agriculture and forest would appear in pink to deep red depending on leaf greenness (as green band has been assigned to blue colour, the blue-red composition will lead to pink colour).
3. In case of clear deep water very little signal would be received by satellite in green and red bands (green band provides little more details than red band) and practically nil in near-lR band, as a result, water body appears sky blue to dark blue depending on its depth and concentration of sediments. Thus the deep clear water would appear as dark blue while shallow and turbid water would appear as mixture of blue and green giving sky blue appearance.
4. The cultural features such as human settlements, cities would have similar reflectance in all the bands making all the three colours to mix in same proportion to give it a grey colour in FCC.
5. Snow, ice and cloud would reflect most of the energy in the similar manner for the bands and thus would appear white in the FCC.
(a) Healthy growing vegetation appears bright red.
(b) Deep and polluted water bodies appear blue.
(c) Cloud, sand and snow appear white.
(d) Urbanized, built-up areas appear grey
Exp:
FALSE COLOUR COMPOSITE (FCC)
In case, the images generated by remote sensing measurements in blue (0.4-0.5 micro meter), green (0.5-0.6 micro meter) and red (0.6 - 0.7 micro meter) bands are combined by superposing the transmission through blue, green and red filters respectively. The resultant print transparency is known as True Color Composite·.
Other possible combinations of colour filters and spectral band images are known as False Colour Composites (FCCs). By assigning colors complementary to observation band one could improve the visual perception and this is achieved in standard FCC by assigning blue, green and red colour to observations in green (0.52-0.59 micro meter), red (0.62 - 0.68 micro meter) and near infrared (0.77 - 0.86 micro meter) spectra bands respectively of IRS LISS Sensor.
1. The vegetation normally reflects predominantly in near-IR region as compared to green or red spectral band. Hence, vegetation appears red in standard FCC due to assignment of infrared band ID red colour.
2. The agriculture and forest would appear in pink to deep red depending on leaf greenness (as green band has been assigned to blue colour, the blue-red composition will lead to pink colour).
3. In case of clear deep water very little signal would be received by satellite in green and red bands (green band provides little more details than red band) and practically nil in near-lR band, as a result, water body appears sky blue to dark blue depending on its depth and concentration of sediments. Thus the deep clear water would appear as dark blue while shallow and turbid water would appear as mixture of blue and green giving sky blue appearance.
4. The cultural features such as human settlements, cities would have similar reflectance in all the bands making all the three colours to mix in same proportion to give it a grey colour in FCC.
5. Snow, ice and cloud would reflect most of the energy in the similar manner for the bands and thus would appear white in the FCC.
11. Consider the facts given below regarding a particular region
1. It has the hardest and best heating coal.
2. The region accounts for half of the world’s anthracite coal output.
3. Scranton, Carbondale and Wilkes Barre are the mining towns for this coal.
Which of the following regions of USA represent the above mentioned facts?
(a) Rocky Mountain region
(b) Pennsylvania region
(c) Appalachian region
(d) The Gulf region
Exp: Refer book “Human and Economic Geography” Leong and Morgan (Page no: 389)
1. It has the hardest and best heating coal.
2. The region accounts for half of the world’s anthracite coal output.
3. Scranton, Carbondale and Wilkes Barre are the mining towns for this coal.
Which of the following regions of USA represent the above mentioned facts?
(a) Rocky Mountain region
(b) Pennsylvania region
(c) Appalachian region
(d) The Gulf region
Exp: Refer book “Human and Economic Geography” Leong and Morgan (Page no: 389)
12. Which of the following are the Characteristic/Characteristics of the Tundra biome?
1. Dominance of annual plants over the perennial plants.
2. Very common presence of lichens and mosses
3. Presence of musk oxen, hares and lemmings
Select the correct answer using the code given below
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Exp:
1. In tundra, the vegetation is composed of dwarf shrubs, sedges and grasses, mosses, and lichens. Scattered trees grow in some tundra. However Pernnial plants dominates because tundra is too cold for tree growth.
2. Mosses and lichens are common in the Arctic. These plants have the ability to stop growth at any time and resume it promptly when conditions improve. They can even survive being covered by snow and ice for over a year
3. Notable animals in the Arctic tundra include caribou (reindeer), musk ox, arctic hare, arctic fox, snowy owl, lemmings, and polar bears (only the extreme north).
1. Dominance of annual plants over the perennial plants.
2. Very common presence of lichens and mosses
3. Presence of musk oxen, hares and lemmings
Select the correct answer using the code given below
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Exp:
1. In tundra, the vegetation is composed of dwarf shrubs, sedges and grasses, mosses, and lichens. Scattered trees grow in some tundra. However Pernnial plants dominates because tundra is too cold for tree growth.
2. Mosses and lichens are common in the Arctic. These plants have the ability to stop growth at any time and resume it promptly when conditions improve. They can even survive being covered by snow and ice for over a year
3. Notable animals in the Arctic tundra include caribou (reindeer), musk ox, arctic hare, arctic fox, snowy owl, lemmings, and polar bears (only the extreme north).
13. Consider the following statements
1. Basaltic lava is relatively low in silica and high in iron and magnesium content.
2. Basaltic lava is always more viscous as compared to other kinds of lavas.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Exp: Basic lavas flow readily (high mobility) as they are low viscous.
1. Basaltic lava is relatively low in silica and high in iron and magnesium content.
2. Basaltic lava is always more viscous as compared to other kinds of lavas.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Exp: Basic lavas flow readily (high mobility) as they are low viscous.
14. Ferrell’s Law deals with
(a) Pressure differences on either side of a mountain
(b) Temperature gradients across the coast
(c) Rate of flow of warm currents in the sea
(d) Direction of movement of wind in the hemisphere
Exp: In 1856, William Ferrel proposed the existence of a circulation cell in the mid-latitudes with air being deflected by the Coriolis force to create the prevailing westerly winds.
(a) Pressure differences on either side of a mountain
(b) Temperature gradients across the coast
(c) Rate of flow of warm currents in the sea
(d) Direction of movement of wind in the hemisphere
Exp: In 1856, William Ferrel proposed the existence of a circulation cell in the mid-latitudes with air being deflected by the Coriolis force to create the prevailing westerly winds.
"If a body moves in any direction on the earth's surface, there is a deflecting force arising from the earth's rotation, which deflects it to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere." This law applies to every body that is set in motion upon the surface of the rotating earth, but usually the duration of the motion of any body due to a single impulse is so brief, and there are so many frictional disturbances, that it is not easy to observe the results of this deflecting force. The movements of the atmosphere, however, are upon a scale large enough to make this observation easy, and the simplest evidence is obtained from a study of the direction of the air movements in the great wind systems of the globe.
15. Consider the following statements
1. Convectional precipitation is confined to the equatorial regions only.
2. Convectional precipitation occurs in short periods of time in extremely localized areas.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Exp: Convectional rainfall can take place in mid-latitude region also but it is restricted during summer months only where as in equator region it can take place throughout the year.
1. Convectional precipitation is confined to the equatorial regions only.
2. Convectional precipitation occurs in short periods of time in extremely localized areas.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Exp: Convectional rainfall can take place in mid-latitude region also but it is restricted during summer months only where as in equator region it can take place throughout the year.
16. The first isothermal world map for average temperatures and concept of continentality were developed by
(a) Immanuel Kant
(b) George Forester
(c) Carl Ritter
(d) Alexander von Humboldt
Ans:
Exp: Refer “Fundamentals of Geographical Thought” by Sudeepta Adhikari (page 73).
Or refer “Evolution of Geographical Thought” by Majid Husain (page 177)
(a) Immanuel Kant
(b) George Forester
(c) Carl Ritter
(d) Alexander von Humboldt
Ans:
Exp: Refer “Fundamentals of Geographical Thought” by Sudeepta Adhikari (page 73).
Or refer “Evolution of Geographical Thought” by Majid Husain (page 177)
17. Which one of the following scholars has developed the concept of Modes of Life (Genres de Vic)?
(a) Vidal de la Blache
(b) Jean Brunhes
(c) Albert Demangeon
(d) Emmanuel de Martonne
Exp: Genre de vie literally means' a way of life. " The term was especially used in French social geography (see Ecological Geography (France) ) in the period 1910-1950. The concept has been known to French social geography through the work of Paul Vidal de la Blache (1845-1918). In the ecological conception of Vidal de la Blache, the man of the living nature of plants and animals. He is part of, yet the master. Based on the technical and organizational capabilities achieves a certain form of human existence in a region.
(a) Vidal de la Blache
(b) Jean Brunhes
(c) Albert Demangeon
(d) Emmanuel de Martonne
Exp: Genre de vie literally means' a way of life. " The term was especially used in French social geography (see Ecological Geography (France) ) in the period 1910-1950. The concept has been known to French social geography through the work of Paul Vidal de la Blache (1845-1918). In the ecological conception of Vidal de la Blache, the man of the living nature of plants and animals. He is part of, yet the master. Based on the technical and organizational capabilities achieves a certain form of human existence in a region.
18. Consider the following statements
1. The Westerlies of northern hemisphere are stronger than those in southern hemisphere.
2. In the Westerlies, the flow of air is from the subtropical high pressure cells to the temperate zone of low pressure.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Exp: 1. The Westerlies are particularly strong in the southern hemisphere, where there is less land in the middle latitudes to cause the flow pattern to amplify, or become more north-south oriented, which slows the Westerlies down.
1. The Westerlies of northern hemisphere are stronger than those in southern hemisphere.
2. In the Westerlies, the flow of air is from the subtropical high pressure cells to the temperate zone of low pressure.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Exp: 1. The Westerlies are particularly strong in the southern hemisphere, where there is less land in the middle latitudes to cause the flow pattern to amplify, or become more north-south oriented, which slows the Westerlies down.
19. Consider the following statements
1. Altocumulus clouds are capable of forming halos.
2. Cumulonimbus clouds are involved in thunderstorms, lightning and heavy rains.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Exp: Halos are produced by the ice crystals in cirrus clouds high (5-10 km, or 3-6 miles) in the upper troposphere. The particular shape and orientation of the crystals is responsible for the type of halo observed. Light is reflected and refracted by the ice crystals and may split up into colors because of dispersion. The crystals behave like prisms and mirrors, refracting and reflecting sunlight between their faces, sending shafts of light in particular directions.
1. Altocumulus clouds are capable of forming halos.
2. Cumulonimbus clouds are involved in thunderstorms, lightning and heavy rains.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Exp: Halos are produced by the ice crystals in cirrus clouds high (5-10 km, or 3-6 miles) in the upper troposphere. The particular shape and orientation of the crystals is responsible for the type of halo observed. Light is reflected and refracted by the ice crystals and may split up into colors because of dispersion. The crystals behave like prisms and mirrors, refracting and reflecting sunlight between their faces, sending shafts of light in particular directions.
Note: The corona, the glory and the rainbow are other common optical phenomena involving water droplets rather than ice crystals.
20. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below.
List I (Original rock) List II (Metamorphic rock)
A) Gabbro 1) Amphibolites
B) Basalt 2) Epidiorite
C) Sandstone 3) Slate
D) Shale 4) Quartzite
Codes
A B C D
(a) 3 4 1 2
(b) 3 1 4 2
(c) 2 4 1 3
(d) 2 1 4 3
Exp: Refer “Physical Geography” Penguin Dictionary
List I (Original rock) List II (Metamorphic rock)
A) Gabbro 1) Amphibolites
B) Basalt 2) Epidiorite
C) Sandstone 3) Slate
D) Shale 4) Quartzite
Codes
A B C D
(a) 3 4 1 2
(b) 3 1 4 2
(c) 2 4 1 3
(d) 2 1 4 3
Exp: Refer “Physical Geography” Penguin Dictionary
21. A transition zone or region separating two biomes is known as
(a) Ecocline
(b) Ecological niche
(c) Ecotone
(d) Ecotype
Ans: c
Exp: An ecotone is a transition area between two adjacent but different plant communities, such as forest and grassland. It may be narrow or wide, and it may be local (the zone between a field and forest) or regional (the transition between forest and grassland). An ecotone may appear on the ground as a gradual blending of the two communities across a broad area, or it may manifest itself as a sharp boundary line.
The word was coined from a combination of eco(logy) plus -tone, from the Greek tonos or tension - in other words, a place where ecologies are in tension.
(a) Ecocline
(b) Ecological niche
(c) Ecotone
(d) Ecotype
Ans: c
Exp: An ecotone is a transition area between two adjacent but different plant communities, such as forest and grassland. It may be narrow or wide, and it may be local (the zone between a field and forest) or regional (the transition between forest and grassland). An ecotone may appear on the ground as a gradual blending of the two communities across a broad area, or it may manifest itself as a sharp boundary line.
The word was coined from a combination of eco(logy) plus -tone, from the Greek tonos or tension - in other words, a place where ecologies are in tension.
Cartography
22. What would be the R.F. when a map of 1 cm = 60 km is reduced to one-third?
(a) 1 : 18,000,000
(b) 1 : 3,168,000
(c) 1 : 1, 000,000
(d) 1 : 20,000
Exp:
Magnification of scale = (New Scale)/ (Old Scale)
or reduction of scale = (Old Scale) / (New Scale)
22. What would be the R.F. when a map of 1 cm = 60 km is reduced to one-third?
(a) 1 : 18,000,000
(b) 1 : 3,168,000
(c) 1 : 1, 000,000
(d) 1 : 20,000
Exp:
Magnification of scale = (New Scale)/ (Old Scale)
or reduction of scale = (Old Scale) / (New Scale)
Solution:
R.F of 1 cm = 60 km is 1cm: 6000000cm => 1: 6000000
R.F of 1 cm = 60 km is 1cm: 6000000cm => 1: 6000000
3 times reduction implies,
3 = 1:6000000/ New scale
New scale = 1 : 18,000,000
3 = 1:6000000/ New scale
New scale = 1 : 18,000,000
23. Consider the following statements
Map scale represented in the form of Representative Fraction (RF)
1. is presented as fraction or ratio.
2. has both numerator and denominator in the same unit of length but not mentioned.
3. has numerator as 1 always
4. is not affected by reduction and enlargement of the map.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1, 3 and 4
(b) 2, 3 and 4
(c) 1, 2 and 4
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Exp: It is affected by reduction and enlargement of the map.
Refer question no 22
Map scale represented in the form of Representative Fraction (RF)
1. is presented as fraction or ratio.
2. has both numerator and denominator in the same unit of length but not mentioned.
3. has numerator as 1 always
4. is not affected by reduction and enlargement of the map.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1, 3 and 4
(b) 2, 3 and 4
(c) 1, 2 and 4
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Exp: It is affected by reduction and enlargement of the map.
Refer question no 22
24. Consider the following statements
A thematic map
1. is a special purpose map.
2. communicates geographical relationships.
3. shows single theme or multiple themes of a study.
4. depicts surface features of an area
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1, 3 and 4
(b) 1, 2 and 3
(c) 2, 3 and 4
(d) 1, 2 and 4
Exp:
1. A thematic map is a map that focuses in a specific idea or theme and hence it is a special purpose map.
2. Thematic map are sometimes referred to as graphic essays that portray spatial variations and interrelationships of geographical distributions. Location, of course, is also important to provide a reference base of where selected phenomena are occurring.
3. Thematic maps also emphasize spatial variation of one or a small number of geographic distributions. These distributions may be physical phenomena such as climate or human characteristics such as population density and health issues.
4. General reference maps depict surface features of an area. While general reference maps show where something is in place, thematic maps tell a story about that place.
A thematic map
1. is a special purpose map.
2. communicates geographical relationships.
3. shows single theme or multiple themes of a study.
4. depicts surface features of an area
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1, 3 and 4
(b) 1, 2 and 3
(c) 2, 3 and 4
(d) 1, 2 and 4
Exp:
1. A thematic map is a map that focuses in a specific idea or theme and hence it is a special purpose map.
2. Thematic map are sometimes referred to as graphic essays that portray spatial variations and interrelationships of geographical distributions. Location, of course, is also important to provide a reference base of where selected phenomena are occurring.
3. Thematic maps also emphasize spatial variation of one or a small number of geographic distributions. These distributions may be physical phenomena such as climate or human characteristics such as population density and health issues.
4. General reference maps depict surface features of an area. While general reference maps show where something is in place, thematic maps tell a story about that place.
25. Which of the following types of scale is used in the precision instruments like theodolite, sextant and planimeter?
(a) Linear
(b) Diagonal
(c) Comparative
(d) Vernier
(a) Linear
(b) Diagonal
(c) Comparative
(d) Vernier
26. With reference to the triangular diagram, which one of the following statements is not correct?
(a) It shows three inter-related components on three axes of the graph.
(b) Each scale represents values as fraction or percentage of the whole.
(c) One can read real value of each component as well as total value of three components from the graph.
(d) The scatter plot only represents the tri-component composition of the total values.
Exp: c. One cannot read the real value of each component from a triangular diagram. Because, it graphically depicts the ratios of the three variables or components (which sum to a constant) as positions in an equilateral triangle.
d. Not only ‘scatter plot’ but also ‘triangular diagram’ can represent the tri-component composition of the total values.
(a) It shows three inter-related components on three axes of the graph.
(b) Each scale represents values as fraction or percentage of the whole.
(c) One can read real value of each component as well as total value of three components from the graph.
(d) The scatter plot only represents the tri-component composition of the total values.
Exp: c. One cannot read the real value of each component from a triangular diagram. Because, it graphically depicts the ratios of the three variables or components (which sum to a constant) as positions in an equilateral triangle.
d. Not only ‘scatter plot’ but also ‘triangular diagram’ can represent the tri-component composition of the total values.
27. Which one of the following characteristics is not correct with reference to Lorenz curve?
(a) The diagonal line in the graph indicates no segregation.
(b) The distance of the segregation line from the diagonal line indicates the degree of segregation
(c) It is used to measure the similarities in the distribution of two variables.
(d) The indices vary from 0-100 for each of the variables represented.
Exp:
It is used to measure dissimilarities in the distribution of two variables.
Refer “Physical Geography” Penguin Dictionary Page 313
(a) The diagonal line in the graph indicates no segregation.
(b) The distance of the segregation line from the diagonal line indicates the degree of segregation
(c) It is used to measure the similarities in the distribution of two variables.
(d) The indices vary from 0-100 for each of the variables represented.
Exp:
It is used to measure dissimilarities in the distribution of two variables.
Refer “Physical Geography” Penguin Dictionary Page 313
28. Which map projection comes nearest to the simple regular graph paper?
(a) Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Projection
(b) Gall’s Stereographic Secant Equatorial Projection
(c) Simple Cylindrical Projection
(d) International (Modified Polyconic) Projection
Exp: The Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinate system is a grid-based method of specifying locations on the surface of the Earth that is a practical application of a 2-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system which is very much similar to a simple regular graph paper.
(a) Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Projection
(b) Gall’s Stereographic Secant Equatorial Projection
(c) Simple Cylindrical Projection
(d) International (Modified Polyconic) Projection
Exp: The Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinate system is a grid-based method of specifying locations on the surface of the Earth that is a practical application of a 2-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system which is very much similar to a simple regular graph paper.
Note: It is used to identify locations on the earth, but differs from the traditional method of latitude and longitude in several respects. The UTM system is not a single map projection. The system instead employs a series of sixty zones, each of which is based on a specifically defined secant transverse Mercator projection.
29. The net or mesh of mutually intersecting parallels and meridians drawn to a certain scale and based on certain principles is known as
(a) Graticules
(b) Standard Parallel
(c) Prime Meridian
(d) Great Circle
Exp: Graticules are the network of parallels and meridians drawn on the plane surface.
(a) Graticules
(b) Standard Parallel
(c) Prime Meridian
(d) Great Circle
Exp: Graticules are the network of parallels and meridians drawn on the plane surface.
30. Which one of the following is not correct regarding the properties of Polyconic Projection?
(a) It represents the piling up of as many hollow cones as the circles of latitudes.
(b) All the cones are tangent to the sphere along the corresponding parallels of latitudes
(c) The circles of latitudes are concentric circles
(d) It is neither conformal nor equal area projection.
Exp: Equator is a straight line and all other parallels are arcs of accentric circles.
(a) It represents the piling up of as many hollow cones as the circles of latitudes.
(b) All the cones are tangent to the sphere along the corresponding parallels of latitudes
(c) The circles of latitudes are concentric circles
(d) It is neither conformal nor equal area projection.
Exp: Equator is a straight line and all other parallels are arcs of accentric circles.
31. Which geological era includes Permo-Carboniferous glaciations?
(a) Archaeozoic
(b) Palaeozoic
(c) Mesozoic
(d) Cenozoic
Exp: The Permo-Carboniferous time, about 300 million years ago, was a period of great glaciations. It refers to the time period including the latter parts of the Carboniferous and early part of the Permian period which comes under Paleozoic Era.
(a) Archaeozoic
(b) Palaeozoic
(c) Mesozoic
(d) Cenozoic
Exp: The Permo-Carboniferous time, about 300 million years ago, was a period of great glaciations. It refers to the time period including the latter parts of the Carboniferous and early part of the Permian period which comes under Paleozoic Era.
32. Consider the following statements
1. Palaeozoic era started about 600 million years ago.
2. Reptiles evolved during Carboniferous period.
3. Permian was the longest period in Palaeozoic era
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Exp: Carboniferous was the longest period in Palaeozoic era
1. Palaeozoic era started about 600 million years ago.
2. Reptiles evolved during Carboniferous period.
3. Permian was the longest period in Palaeozoic era
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Exp: Carboniferous was the longest period in Palaeozoic era
33. The conditions of high temperature and high moisture do not co-exist in which one of the following types of climatic regions?
(a) Savanna
(b) Prairie
(c) Monsoon
(d) Mediterranean
Exp: Mediterranean regions have peculiar winter rainfall climate and therefore conditions of high temperature and high moisture do not co-exist in those regions.
(a) Savanna
(b) Prairie
(c) Monsoon
(d) Mediterranean
Exp: Mediterranean regions have peculiar winter rainfall climate and therefore conditions of high temperature and high moisture do not co-exist in those regions.
34. Consider the following statements
1. Slow cooling usually leads to coarse crystalline texture in rocks.
2. In acidic igneous rocks about 65% or more silica is found
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Exp: Refer Physical geography by “Savindra singh” or refer “Physical Geography” Penguin Dictionary
1. Slow cooling usually leads to coarse crystalline texture in rocks.
2. In acidic igneous rocks about 65% or more silica is found
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Exp: Refer Physical geography by “Savindra singh” or refer “Physical Geography” Penguin Dictionary
35. Which one of the following is a geostationary satellite?
(a) LANDSAT
(b) INSAT
(c) IRS
(d) SPOT
Exp: LANDSAT, IRS and SPOT are remote sensing satellites were placed low or middle earth orbits where INSAT are communication satellites which are required to place in geo stationary orbits, then only uninterrupted communication is possible.
(a) LANDSAT
(b) INSAT
(c) IRS
(d) SPOT
Exp: LANDSAT, IRS and SPOT are remote sensing satellites were placed low or middle earth orbits where INSAT are communication satellites which are required to place in geo stationary orbits, then only uninterrupted communication is possible.
36. Consider the following statement
1. Weathering changes the character of the rock without dislocating it.
2. Crystalline rocks are more susceptible to physical weathering than sedimentary rocks.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Exp: Refer “Physical geography” Made simple series (page 26)
The statement 2 is ambiguous as crystalline rocks can be igneous, metamorphic or sedimentary.
However generally crystalline rocks are less susceptible to physical weathering
1. Weathering changes the character of the rock without dislocating it.
2. Crystalline rocks are more susceptible to physical weathering than sedimentary rocks.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Exp: Refer “Physical geography” Made simple series (page 26)
The statement 2 is ambiguous as crystalline rocks can be igneous, metamorphic or sedimentary.
However generally crystalline rocks are less susceptible to physical weathering
Note: Any rock composed entirely of crystallized minerals without glassy matter. Intrusive igneous rocks—those that congeal at depth—are virtually always crystalline, whereas extrusive igneous rocks, or volcanic rocks, may be partly to entirely glassy. Many factors influence the ability of a magma to crystallize, but the length of time during which cooling occurs is the controlling factor. Metamorphic rocks are almost always crystalline; the term crystalline schists has been applied to indicate all rocks of metamorphic origin, and thus the term crystalline rocks may be taken to mean an igneous origin. Sedimentary rocks can also be crystalline, such as the crystalline limestones precipitated directly from solution; the term is not generally applied to the clastic sediments, even though they are formed largely from the accumulation of crystalline materials.
37. Which drainage pattern is characteristic of bolsons in arid and semi-arid regions?
(a) Annular
(b) Centripetal
(c) Trellis
(d) Radial
Exp:
A semiarid, flat-floored desert valley or depression usually centered on a playa or salt pan and entirely surrounded by hills or mountains. It is a type of basin characteristic of basin-and-range terrain. The term is usually applied only to certain basins of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico.
(a) Annular
(b) Centripetal
(c) Trellis
(d) Radial
Exp:
A semiarid, flat-floored desert valley or depression usually centered on a playa or salt pan and entirely surrounded by hills or mountains. It is a type of basin characteristic of basin-and-range terrain. The term is usually applied only to certain basins of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico.
38. The residual hills that stand out at the end of a karst cycle of erosion are called
(a) Bornhardts
(b) Inselbergs
(c) Monadnocks
(d) Hums
Exp: Hum: An isolated hill, left as the residual on the floor of Poljies, named from the village of Hum in the Yugoslavian Karst.
Refer “Physical Geography” Penguin Dictionary
(a) Bornhardts
(b) Inselbergs
(c) Monadnocks
(d) Hums
Exp: Hum: An isolated hill, left as the residual on the floor of Poljies, named from the village of Hum in the Yugoslavian Karst.
Refer “Physical Geography” Penguin Dictionary
39. Which one of the following statements is not correct?
(a) J.W.Powell postulated the concept of “base level”
(b) The maximum downward limit for a river to deepen its valley is called its base level.
(c) Dead Sea is an example for ultimate base level.
(d) In reality, base level may be a gently sloping curve
Exp:
The base level of a river or stream is the lowest point to which it can flow, often referred to as the 'mouth' of the river. For large rivers, sea level is usually the base level, but a large river or lake is likewise the base level for tributary streams. All rivers and streams erode toward sea level, which is also known as the "ultimate base level." If a river is dammed, a new temporary base level (the level of the reservoir) replaces the ultimate base level. As a result, the stream’s base level is raised. Consequently, this reduces the stream’s velocity, leads to deposition, and a reduction of the gradient upstream from the reservoir. A rather rare exception can be seen in the Jordan River, for which the base level is the Dead Sea, 417 m below modern sea level.
(a) J.W.Powell postulated the concept of “base level”
(b) The maximum downward limit for a river to deepen its valley is called its base level.
(c) Dead Sea is an example for ultimate base level.
(d) In reality, base level may be a gently sloping curve
Exp:
The base level of a river or stream is the lowest point to which it can flow, often referred to as the 'mouth' of the river. For large rivers, sea level is usually the base level, but a large river or lake is likewise the base level for tributary streams. All rivers and streams erode toward sea level, which is also known as the "ultimate base level." If a river is dammed, a new temporary base level (the level of the reservoir) replaces the ultimate base level. As a result, the stream’s base level is raised. Consequently, this reduces the stream’s velocity, leads to deposition, and a reduction of the gradient upstream from the reservoir. A rather rare exception can be seen in the Jordan River, for which the base level is the Dead Sea, 417 m below modern sea level.
40. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below.
List I (Terms/features) List II (Associated with)
A) Erratic 1) Underground caves
B) Ventifacts 2) River course
C) Tombolo 3) Wind action
D) Yazoo 4) Glacial deposition
............................................5)Sea wave deposition
List I (Terms/features) List II (Associated with)
A) Erratic 1) Underground caves
B) Ventifacts 2) River course
C) Tombolo 3) Wind action
D) Yazoo 4) Glacial deposition
............................................5)Sea wave deposition
Codes
A B C D
(a) 4 3 5 2
(b) 3 4 1 5
(c) 4 1 5 2
(d) 5 3 1 4
Exp: Refer “Physical Geography” Penguin Dictionary
Or Physical geography by “Savindra singh”
A B C D
(a) 4 3 5 2
(b) 3 4 1 5
(c) 4 1 5 2
(d) 5 3 1 4
Exp: Refer “Physical Geography” Penguin Dictionary
Or Physical geography by “Savindra singh”
41. Consider the following statements
1. Jet streams are high altitude, high speed mid-latitude wind systems.
2. Jet streams follow a zigzag path.
3. Normally a jet stream is thousands of km in length and hundreds of km in width
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Exp:
1. First statement is correct however there are wind maxima at lower levels of the atmosphere that are also referred to as jets also found at low latitudes as low as 10-20o N latitude.
2. The paths of jet streams are meandering shape not zigzag shape.
3. Normally a jet stream is thousands of km in length and hundreds of km in width however 1-3 miles thick.
1. Jet streams are high altitude, high speed mid-latitude wind systems.
2. Jet streams follow a zigzag path.
3. Normally a jet stream is thousands of km in length and hundreds of km in width
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Exp:
1. First statement is correct however there are wind maxima at lower levels of the atmosphere that are also referred to as jets also found at low latitudes as low as 10-20o N latitude.
2. The paths of jet streams are meandering shape not zigzag shape.
3. Normally a jet stream is thousands of km in length and hundreds of km in width however 1-3 miles thick.
42. Consider the following statements
1. Hadley cell is a feature of thermally driven atmospheric circulation.
2. Heat islands are a temperature phenomena associated with urban areas, especially at nights.
3. Anabatic wind is a local wind blowing up-valley in the afternoon, especially in summer.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Exp:
1,3. Refer “Physical Geography” Penguin Dictionary
2. Refer “Physical geography” Made simple series (page 196)
1. Hadley cell is a feature of thermally driven atmospheric circulation.
2. Heat islands are a temperature phenomena associated with urban areas, especially at nights.
3. Anabatic wind is a local wind blowing up-valley in the afternoon, especially in summer.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Exp:
1,3. Refer “Physical Geography” Penguin Dictionary
2. Refer “Physical geography” Made simple series (page 196)
43. Consider the following statements
1. Planetary winds are affected by Coriollis force.
2. Local winds have constant speed and constant direction.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
1. Planetary winds are affected by Coriollis force.
2. Local winds have constant speed and constant direction.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
44. Which one of the following is used in large quantities in the manufacture of ammonium sulphate fertilizers?
(a) Apatite
(b) Dolomite
(c) Gypsum
(d) Pyrite
Exp: Ammonium sulfate also is manufactured from gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O). Finely divided gypsum is added to an ammonium carbonate solution. Calcium carbonate precipitates out, leaving ammonium sulfate in the solution.
(a) Apatite
(b) Dolomite
(c) Gypsum
(d) Pyrite
Exp: Ammonium sulfate also is manufactured from gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O). Finely divided gypsum is added to an ammonium carbonate solution. Calcium carbonate precipitates out, leaving ammonium sulfate in the solution.
45. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below.
List I (Clouds) List II (Characteristics)
A) Cirrus 1) Dense tall clouds that produce thunderstorms
B) Stratus 2) Blanket like clouds that cover large areas.
C) Cumulonimbus 3) Fibrous high altitude detached clouds
D) Cirrostratus 4) Composed of ice crystals that cause formation of halos around sun and moon. 5. Globular masses of clouds in groups with clear sky in between.
Codes
A B C D
(a) 3 2 1 5
(b) 3 5 1 4
(c) 1 3 5 4
(d) 3 2 1 4
Exp: Refer “Physical Geography” Penguin Dictionary or
Certificate Physical and human geography Go cheng Leong
A - 3 & 4
B - 2
C - 1
D - 5
List I (Clouds) List II (Characteristics)
A) Cirrus 1) Dense tall clouds that produce thunderstorms
B) Stratus 2) Blanket like clouds that cover large areas.
C) Cumulonimbus 3) Fibrous high altitude detached clouds
D) Cirrostratus 4) Composed of ice crystals that cause formation of halos around sun and moon. 5. Globular masses of clouds in groups with clear sky in between.
Codes
A B C D
(a) 3 2 1 5
(b) 3 5 1 4
(c) 1 3 5 4
(d) 3 2 1 4
Exp: Refer “Physical Geography” Penguin Dictionary or
Certificate Physical and human geography Go cheng Leong
A - 3 & 4
B - 2
C - 1
D - 5
46. Which one of the following statements is not correct?
(a) Rime is deposit of ice crystals formed when fog of super cooled water droplets comes into contact with temperature of below freezing point.
(b) Radiation of is formed by strong turbulent mixing in cloudy weather especially over the hill tops.
(c) The term mackerel sky is used for the sky covered with cirrocumulus or altocumulus clouds.
(d) The critical temperature at which an unsaturated air parcel becomes saturated is called “dew point”
Exp: Radiation of is formed at fairly calm conditions. Refer “Physical geography” Made simple series (page 130)
(a) Rime is deposit of ice crystals formed when fog of super cooled water droplets comes into contact with temperature of below freezing point.
(b) Radiation of is formed by strong turbulent mixing in cloudy weather especially over the hill tops.
(c) The term mackerel sky is used for the sky covered with cirrocumulus or altocumulus clouds.
(d) The critical temperature at which an unsaturated air parcel becomes saturated is called “dew point”
Exp: Radiation of is formed at fairly calm conditions. Refer “Physical geography” Made simple series (page 130)
47. Consider the following pair
Dam/power project River
1. Kishau : Alaknanda
2. Koteshwar : Bhagirathi
3. Nangal : Satluj
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Exp: The Kishau project is proposed on the river Tons, a tributary of Yamuna.
Dam/power project River
1. Kishau : Alaknanda
2. Koteshwar : Bhagirathi
3. Nangal : Satluj
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Exp: The Kishau project is proposed on the river Tons, a tributary of Yamuna.
48. According to the polar front theory, temperate cyclones originate due to the
(a) Convergence of cold polar continental air mass and warm tropical maritime air mass.
(b) Divergence of cold polar continental air mass and warm moist maritime air mass
(c) Convergence of different air masses against high pressure belts.
(d) Convergence of arctic and temperate air masses.
(a) Convergence of cold polar continental air mass and warm tropical maritime air mass.
(b) Divergence of cold polar continental air mass and warm moist maritime air mass
(c) Convergence of different air masses against high pressure belts.
(d) Convergence of arctic and temperate air masses.
49. In the temperate cyclone when the centre bound inward air circulation becomes convergent pattern, what happens to the wind?
(a) Wind aggregates at the centre
(b) Wind ascends upward and expands outward.
(c) Wind descends downward and expands outward.
(d) Wind ascends and then descends downward.
(a) Wind aggregates at the centre
(b) Wind ascends upward and expands outward.
(c) Wind descends downward and expands outward.
(d) Wind ascends and then descends downward.
50. The Damodar Valley Corporation’s projects include dams at
(a) Tilaiya only
(b) Maithon and Panchet only
(c) Maithon, Konar and Tilaiya only
(d) Panchet, Maithon, Konar and Tilaiya
Exp: Refer “India - A comprehensive Geography” by Khuller (Chapter Multi Purpose projects)
(a) Tilaiya only
(b) Maithon and Panchet only
(c) Maithon, Konar and Tilaiya only
(d) Panchet, Maithon, Konar and Tilaiya
Exp: Refer “India - A comprehensive Geography” by Khuller (Chapter Multi Purpose projects)
51. With reference to Koppens system of climatic classification, consider the following statements
1. A, C and D represent forest climates.
2. f, s and w represent the characteristics of rainfall distribution.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Exp: Refer Savindra singh’s “ Physical Geography” or “India - A comprehensive Geography” by Khuller
1. A, C and D represent forest climates.
2. f, s and w represent the characteristics of rainfall distribution.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Exp: Refer Savindra singh’s “ Physical Geography” or “India - A comprehensive Geography” by Khuller
52. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below.
List I (Relief) List II (Ocean)
A) Telegraph Plateau 1) South Atlantic
B) Kermadee Trench 2)North Indian
C)South Sandwich Trench 3) North Atlantic
D) Carlsberg ridge 4) South Indian
5) South Pacific
Codes
A B C D
(a) 1 3 5 2
(b) 3 5 1 2
(c) 3 5 1 4
(d) 1 3 5 4
Exp:
List I (Relief) List II (Ocean)
A) Telegraph Plateau 1) South Atlantic
B) Kermadee Trench 2)North Indian
C)South Sandwich Trench 3) North Atlantic
D) Carlsberg ridge 4) South Indian
5) South Pacific
Codes
A B C D
(a) 1 3 5 2
(b) 3 5 1 2
(c) 3 5 1 4
(d) 1 3 5 4
Exp:
53. The bottom topography of Atlantic Ocean is dominated by a central S-shaped ridge extending from
(a) Iceland to St.Paul’s Rock
(b) Iceland to South Sandwich Island
(c) Iceland to Bouvet Island
(d) None of the above
Exp: Refer Orient long man atlas and NCERT
(a) Iceland to St.Paul’s Rock
(b) Iceland to South Sandwich Island
(c) Iceland to Bouvet Island
(d) None of the above
Exp: Refer Orient long man atlas and NCERT
54. Consider the following States
1. Tamil Nadu
2. Rajasthan
3. Gujarat
Which of the States mentioned above has/have lignite reserves?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Exp: “India - A comprehensive Geography” by Khuller
1. Tamil Nadu
2. Rajasthan
3. Gujarat
Which of the States mentioned above has/have lignite reserves?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Exp: “India - A comprehensive Geography” by Khuller
55. Consider the following statements
1. Globigerina ooze is found mostly in tropical and temperate oceans.
2. Radiolarian is predominantly a calcareous ooze.
3. Diatom ooze is found more around Antarctica and North Pacific.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Exp: Refer Savindra singh’s “Physical Geography”
1. Globigerina ooze is found mostly in tropical and temperate oceans.
2. Radiolarian is predominantly a calcareous ooze.
3. Diatom ooze is found more around Antarctica and North Pacific.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Exp: Refer Savindra singh’s “Physical Geography”
56. Consider the following pairs
State Important mineral resources
1. Andhra Pradesh : Copper
2. Chhattisgarh : Bauxite
3. Gujarat : Diamondiferous Kimberlite
Which of the pairs given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
57. The smallest difference in radiance detected by the satellite sensor is called
(a) Spectral resolution
(b) Spatial resolution
(c) Radiometric resolution
(d) Temporal resolution
Exp: Spectral resolution - Ability of the sensor to define finer wavelength intervals
Spatial resolution - Ability of sensor to detect smallest possible size of earth features
Temporal resolution - It is related to revisit period of satellite
Radiometric resolution - ability of sensor to discriminate very slight difference in radiation energy.
State Important mineral resources
1. Andhra Pradesh : Copper
2. Chhattisgarh : Bauxite
3. Gujarat : Diamondiferous Kimberlite
Which of the pairs given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
57. The smallest difference in radiance detected by the satellite sensor is called
(a) Spectral resolution
(b) Spatial resolution
(c) Radiometric resolution
(d) Temporal resolution
Exp: Spectral resolution - Ability of the sensor to define finer wavelength intervals
Spatial resolution - Ability of sensor to detect smallest possible size of earth features
Temporal resolution - It is related to revisit period of satellite
Radiometric resolution - ability of sensor to discriminate very slight difference in radiation energy.
58. With reference to the North Atlantic Gyre, which one of the following is the correct sequence?
(a) Caribbean, Gulf Stream, North Atlantic Drift, Canaries
(b) North Atlantic Drift, Gulf Stream, Canaries, Caribbean
(c) Caribbean, North Atlantic Drift, Gulf Stream, Canaries
(d) Canaries, Gulf Stream, North Atlantic Drift, Caribbean
(a) Caribbean, Gulf Stream, North Atlantic Drift, Canaries
(b) North Atlantic Drift, Gulf Stream, Canaries, Caribbean
(c) Caribbean, North Atlantic Drift, Gulf Stream, Canaries
(d) Canaries, Gulf Stream, North Atlantic Drift, Caribbean
59. During aerial photography a sudden strong tail wind can lead to which of the following changes in aerial photo coverage?
(a) Decrease in the amount of side lap
(b) Increase in the amount of side lap
(c) Decrease in the amount of end lap
(d) Increase in the amount of end lap
Exp: A tailwind is a wind that blows in the direction of travel of an object. A tailwind increases the object's speed so it decreased amount of end lap.
(a) Decrease in the amount of side lap
(b) Increase in the amount of side lap
(c) Decrease in the amount of end lap
(d) Increase in the amount of end lap
Exp: A tailwind is a wind that blows in the direction of travel of an object. A tailwind increases the object's speed so it decreased amount of end lap.
60. Consider the following statements
1. Occurrence of El Nino produces warm sea surface temperature over equatorial eastern Pacific Ocean.
2. Jet Streams get irregular pattern due to El Nino events and produce weather anomalies in coastal areas of Tropical Pacific Ocean.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
1. Occurrence of El Nino produces warm sea surface temperature over equatorial eastern Pacific Ocean.
2. Jet Streams get irregular pattern due to El Nino events and produce weather anomalies in coastal areas of Tropical Pacific Ocean.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
61. Which projection is used to maintain the properties of line of constant and correct direction?
(a) Mercator’s
(b) Gnomonic
(c) Zenithal
(d) Conical
(a) Mercator’s
(b) Gnomonic
(c) Zenithal
(d) Conical
62. Consider the following statements regarding the conformal projection:
1. It is very easy to preserve the shape especially for a larger area
2. Only a few points in the sphere can be projected in the true form
3. It is possible to make some of the meridians and parallels true.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Exp: In this projection true shape has been preserved over a small area.
Refer “Physical Geography” Penguin Dictionary (orthomorphic projections)
1. It is very easy to preserve the shape especially for a larger area
2. Only a few points in the sphere can be projected in the true form
3. It is possible to make some of the meridians and parallels true.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Exp: In this projection true shape has been preserved over a small area.
Refer “Physical Geography” Penguin Dictionary (orthomorphic projections)
63. Consider the following characteristics of a particular projection
1. Parallels are represented by concentric circles.
2. Equator cannot be represented in this projection.
3. It is useful to navigators and is suited to small areas around the pole.
Which one of the following projections would show all the above characteristics?
(a) Polar Zenithal
(b) Simple Conical
(c) Mercator’s
(d) Sinusoidal
1. Parallels are represented by concentric circles.
2. Equator cannot be represented in this projection.
3. It is useful to navigators and is suited to small areas around the pole.
Which one of the following projections would show all the above characteristics?
(a) Polar Zenithal
(b) Simple Conical
(c) Mercator’s
(d) Sinusoidal
64. Thermal imagery has several major advantages over the Visible & NIR imagery. Which of the following statements in this regard is, however, not correct?
(a) Thermal imagery is not dependent on instant sunlight.
(b) It can be acquired in daytime as well as night time.
(c) Terrestrial information can be acquired in any weather (clear, foggy, or cloudy)
(d) It can lead to mapping the distribution of surface temperature.
(a) Thermal imagery is not dependent on instant sunlight.
(b) It can be acquired in daytime as well as night time.
(c) Terrestrial information can be acquired in any weather (clear, foggy, or cloudy)
(d) It can lead to mapping the distribution of surface temperature.
65. Which one of the following scholars said “geography is a science of mathematical relationships and everything else is chorography”?
(a) Ptolemy
(b) Plato
(c) Herodotus
(d) Anaximander
(a) Ptolemy
(b) Plato
(c) Herodotus
(d) Anaximander
66. The most fundamental geometric difference between vertical aerial photograph and the topographic map is
(a) Selected features are represented by conventional symbols in maps, whereas on photos entire details are shown as tonal variations.
(b) Maps are represented in orthogonal projection, whereas photographs are in central projection.
(c) On aerial photos some idea of relief can be head from shadows, whereas on maps the idea of relief is gained through contours.
(d) Many objects are hidden in shadows in aerial photos, whereas on maps no objects are hidden in shadows.
Exp: Refer NCERT (Practical work book in Geography)
(a) Selected features are represented by conventional symbols in maps, whereas on photos entire details are shown as tonal variations.
(b) Maps are represented in orthogonal projection, whereas photographs are in central projection.
(c) On aerial photos some idea of relief can be head from shadows, whereas on maps the idea of relief is gained through contours.
(d) Many objects are hidden in shadows in aerial photos, whereas on maps no objects are hidden in shadows.
Exp: Refer NCERT (Practical work book in Geography)
67. Which one of the following has the highest elevation above mean sea level?
(a) Parasnath
(b) Panchmarhi
(c) Dodabetta
(d) Anaimudi
Exp: (a) Parasnath - 1366 m
(b) Panchmarhi (Dhupgarh) - 1350m
(c) Dodabetta - 2637 m
(d) Anaimudi - 2695 m
(a) Parasnath
(b) Panchmarhi
(c) Dodabetta
(d) Anaimudi
Exp: (a) Parasnath - 1366 m
(b) Panchmarhi (Dhupgarh) - 1350m
(c) Dodabetta - 2637 m
(d) Anaimudi - 2695 m
68. Which among the following types of regions is conducive for formation of lateritic soils?
(a) Regions of scanty rainfall and high temperature
(b) Regions of high rainfall and high temperature
(c) Regions of intensive farming
(d) Regions of overgrazing
(a) Regions of scanty rainfall and high temperature
(b) Regions of high rainfall and high temperature
(c) Regions of intensive farming
(d) Regions of overgrazing
69. With reference to multipurpose projects, consider the following statements
1. Machkund project is a joint venture of Andhra Pradesh and Chhattisgarh states.
2. Parambikulam is a joint venture of Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Exp: Machkund Project
-It is a joint venture of Andhra Pradesh and Orissa
- A dam of height 54m and 410 m in length, has been constructed on Machkund river
- Project includes a powerhouse with 115 MW as the installed capacity
Parambikulam Project
-This Project is a joint venture of Kerala and Tamil nadu
- Under this project 185 MW of electricity will be generated and 1.01 lakh hectare of land will be irrigated
- Water of 8 small rivers would be utilised
1. Machkund project is a joint venture of Andhra Pradesh and Chhattisgarh states.
2. Parambikulam is a joint venture of Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Exp: Machkund Project
-It is a joint venture of Andhra Pradesh and Orissa
- A dam of height 54m and 410 m in length, has been constructed on Machkund river
- Project includes a powerhouse with 115 MW as the installed capacity
Parambikulam Project
-This Project is a joint venture of Kerala and Tamil nadu
- Under this project 185 MW of electricity will be generated and 1.01 lakh hectare of land will be irrigated
- Water of 8 small rivers would be utilised
70. Consider the following pairs
Type of Forest Plant
1. Tropical semi-evergreen : Indian Chestnut
2. Tropical moist deciduous : Sandalwood
3. Tropical dry evergreen : Tamarind
Which of the pairs given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Type of Forest Plant
1. Tropical semi-evergreen : Indian Chestnut
2. Tropical moist deciduous : Sandalwood
3. Tropical dry evergreen : Tamarind
Which of the pairs given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
71. Consider the following statements
1. Uttarkhand has the largest established reserves of magnesite in the country.
2. Orissa is the largest producer of Chromite in the country.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Exp: Although Tamilnadu has the largest Proved Developed (PD) reserves of magnesite, Uttarkhand has the largest Proved Undeveloped (PUD) reserves of magnesite in India.
1. Uttarkhand has the largest established reserves of magnesite in the country.
2. Orissa is the largest producer of Chromite in the country.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Exp: Although Tamilnadu has the largest Proved Developed (PD) reserves of magnesite, Uttarkhand has the largest Proved Undeveloped (PUD) reserves of magnesite in India.
72. Consider the following pairs
Type of climate Region
1. Amw : Coramandel coast
2. BShw : Central Rajasthan
3. Dfc : Arunachal Pradesh
Which of the pairs given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Exp: Refer NCERT
Type of climate Region
1. Amw : Coramandel coast
2. BShw : Central Rajasthan
3. Dfc : Arunachal Pradesh
Which of the pairs given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Exp: Refer NCERT
73. Punjab is leading producer of woolen goods in the country. Why?
1. It has high yielding exotic breeds of sheep in large farms.
2. It imports wool from neighbouring states
3. It has large market
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
1. It has high yielding exotic breeds of sheep in large farms.
2. It imports wool from neighbouring states
3. It has large market
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
74. Which of the following from the base for the manufacture of stainless steel?
(a) Chromium and nickel
(b) Chromium and zinc
(c) Nickel and zinc
(d) Nickel only
(a) Chromium and nickel
(b) Chromium and zinc
(c) Nickel and zinc
(d) Nickel only
75. With reference to the minerals available from the Indian Ocean, consider the following statements
1. The Arabian Sea is richer in phosphate than the Bay of Bengal.
2. The manganese nodules are found along the coasts of the Bay of Bengal only and not along the coasts of the Arabian Sea.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Exp: The manganese nodules are found all over the world oceans
1. The Arabian Sea is richer in phosphate than the Bay of Bengal.
2. The manganese nodules are found along the coasts of the Bay of Bengal only and not along the coasts of the Arabian Sea.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Exp: The manganese nodules are found all over the world oceans
76. What is the difference between Himalayan rivers and peninsular rivers?
1. Himalayan rivers from meanders and often shift their beds while the peninsular rivers have little scope for formation of meanders.
2. The Himalayan rivers are examples of antecedent drainage whereas the peninsular rivers are example of consequent drainage.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
1. Himalayan rivers from meanders and often shift their beds while the peninsular rivers have little scope for formation of meanders.
2. The Himalayan rivers are examples of antecedent drainage whereas the peninsular rivers are example of consequent drainage.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
77. The Bikaner Canal was taken off from the river
(a) Banas
(b) Chambal
(c) Satluj
(d) Yamuna
Exp: The Gang Canal (Bikaner Canal) was constructed in 1920-26 as a part of the Sutlej Valley Project which was undertaken jointly by the Govt. of Punjab, the State of Bhawalpur and the State of Bikaner.
(a) Banas
(b) Chambal
(c) Satluj
(d) Yamuna
Exp: The Gang Canal (Bikaner Canal) was constructed in 1920-26 as a part of the Sutlej Valley Project which was undertaken jointly by the Govt. of Punjab, the State of Bhawalpur and the State of Bikaner.
78. With reference to the tropical cyclones, consider the following atmospheric/oceanic conditions.
1. High relative humidity
2. Location of 50 latitude away from the equator
3. Warm sea temperature.
Which of the above induce the development of a cyclone?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
1. High relative humidity
2. Location of 50 latitude away from the equator
3. Warm sea temperature.
Which of the above induce the development of a cyclone?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
79. Which of the following is a secondary pollutant?
(a) Benzene
(b) Nitrogen oxide
(c) Ozone
(d) Sulphur dioxide
Exp: Secondary pollutants are not emitted directly. Rather, they form in the air when primary pollutants react or interact. An important example of a secondary pollutant is ground level ozone — one of the many secondary pollutants that make up photochemical smog.
(a) Benzene
(b) Nitrogen oxide
(c) Ozone
(d) Sulphur dioxide
Exp: Secondary pollutants are not emitted directly. Rather, they form in the air when primary pollutants react or interact. An important example of a secondary pollutant is ground level ozone — one of the many secondary pollutants that make up photochemical smog.
80. Consider the following statements
1. Prevention and control of soil erosion is one of the aims of the Chambal Valley Project.
2. The construction of Jawahar Sagar dam is a part of the Chambal Valley project
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
1. Prevention and control of soil erosion is one of the aims of the Chambal Valley Project.
2. The construction of Jawahar Sagar dam is a part of the Chambal Valley project
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
81. Consider the following pairs
Glacier Location
1. Milam : Nanga Parbat
2. Sonapani : Chandra Valley of Lahaul and Spiti
3. Siachen : Nubra Valley
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Exp: Refer old India NCERT and Atlas
Glacier Location
1. Milam : Nanga Parbat
2. Sonapani : Chandra Valley of Lahaul and Spiti
3. Siachen : Nubra Valley
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Exp: Refer old India NCERT and Atlas
82. Consider the following statements
1. A bird’s-foot delta is formed when the river water is much more dense than the sea water.
2. The estuarine deltas are always formed in semi-arid areas or arid areas.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
1. A bird’s-foot delta is formed when the river water is much more dense than the sea water.
2. The estuarine deltas are always formed in semi-arid areas or arid areas.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
83. Consider the following statements
1. Anticyclones are more common in the subtropical high pressure regions and are practically absent in equatorial regions.
2. Anticyclones are always circular in shape and are much smaller in size as compared to temperate cyclones.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
1. Anticyclones are more common in the subtropical high pressure regions and are practically absent in equatorial regions.
2. Anticyclones are always circular in shape and are much smaller in size as compared to temperate cyclones.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
84. Consider the following statements
1. Jowar is cultivated as a Kharif crop only.
2. Bajra is cultivated as a rabi crop only
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
1. Jowar is cultivated as a Kharif crop only.
2. Bajra is cultivated as a rabi crop only
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
85. When the limbs of a fold dip in the same direction at the same angle, it is called
(a) Syncline
(b) Homocline
(c) Monocline
(d) Isocline
Exp:
(a) Syncline
(b) Homocline
(c) Monocline
(d) Isocline
Exp:
In structural geology, a uniclinal structure, homoclinal structure, unicline or homocline is a sedimentary rock unit, which may also be associated with a stratigraphic landform, where the underlying strata are tilted in the same direction, especially with near uniform dip angle. A homocline may be formed by uplift of coastal plain sediments, or as a limb of a large dome or fold. On a topographic map, homoclines exhibit nearly parallel elevation contour lines that show a steady change in elevation in a given direction.
Note: A homocline involves strata dipping in the same direction, though not necessarily any folding
Note: A homocline involves strata dipping in the same direction, though not necessarily any folding
isoclinal folds have an interlimb angle of between 10° and zero, with essentially parallel limbs.
86. Which one of the following pair is not correctly matched?
Location Climate type
(a) Atacama : Bw
(b) California : Cs
(c) Malaysia : Aw
(d) United Kingdom : Df
Exp: Malaysia - Af (equatorial type of climate)
Location Climate type
(a) Atacama : Bw
(b) California : Cs
(c) Malaysia : Aw
(d) United Kingdom : Df
Exp: Malaysia - Af (equatorial type of climate)
87. Remote sensing of terrain features is mostly based on
(a) Diffuse reflectance properties of the terrain feature.
(b) Transmitted properties of the terrain features.
(c) Absorption properties of the terrain features.
(d) Emissivity properties of the terrain features.
Exp: remote sensing sensor designed to capture the radiations emitted from the terrain features.
88. Sustained long shore drift of material is caused by
(a) Diurnal tides
(b) Spring tides
(c) Regular waves that approach the coach perpendicularly
(d) Regular waves that approach the coast at an oblique angle
Exp: Refer Penguin Dictionary
(a) Diffuse reflectance properties of the terrain feature.
(b) Transmitted properties of the terrain features.
(c) Absorption properties of the terrain features.
(d) Emissivity properties of the terrain features.
Exp: remote sensing sensor designed to capture the radiations emitted from the terrain features.
88. Sustained long shore drift of material is caused by
(a) Diurnal tides
(b) Spring tides
(c) Regular waves that approach the coach perpendicularly
(d) Regular waves that approach the coast at an oblique angle
Exp: Refer Penguin Dictionary
89. Navigators carry with them both a Mercator’s Chart and a Gnomonic Chart to determine the
(a) Rhumb line by any one of them
(b) Shortest route by any one of them
(c) Rhumb line by Gnomonic and Shortest route by Mercator’s.
(d) Rhumb line by Mercator’s and shortest route by Gnomonic.
Exp: Refer Penguin Dictionary
(a) Rhumb line by any one of them
(b) Shortest route by any one of them
(c) Rhumb line by Gnomonic and Shortest route by Mercator’s.
(d) Rhumb line by Mercator’s and shortest route by Gnomonic.
Exp: Refer Penguin Dictionary
90. Which one of the following is not a tree of Himalayan forests?
(a) Ebony
(b) Indian birch
(c) Spruce
(d) White willow
Exp: Ebony found in tropical forest
(a) Ebony
(b) Indian birch
(c) Spruce
(d) White willow
Exp: Ebony found in tropical forest
91. Consider the following statements
1. Neap tide occurs during the lunar quadrature.
2. During lunar quadrature tidal producing forces supplement each other.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
1. Neap tide occurs during the lunar quadrature.
2. During lunar quadrature tidal producing forces supplement each other.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
92. Consider the following statements
1. Diurnal tide occurs every 24 hours 52 minutes
2. In shallow water, tidal energy is dissipated by the frictional drag of the sea bed.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Exp: The moon does not rotate around the earth’s equator, but follows an orbit that is inclined in relation to the earth’s axis. Because of this, northern and southern latitudes commonly face only one high tide and one low tide in a day, called diurnal tides. And its period is approx one day.
1. Diurnal tide occurs every 24 hours 52 minutes
2. In shallow water, tidal energy is dissipated by the frictional drag of the sea bed.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Exp: The moon does not rotate around the earth’s equator, but follows an orbit that is inclined in relation to the earth’s axis. Because of this, northern and southern latitudes commonly face only one high tide and one low tide in a day, called diurnal tides. And its period is approx one day.
93. Which one of the following soil types has higher clay content than others?
(a) Entisol
(b) Inceptisol
(c) Oxisol
(d) Vertisol
Exp: Vertisol - Black cotton soil
(a) Entisol
(b) Inceptisol
(c) Oxisol
(d) Vertisol
Exp: Vertisol - Black cotton soil
94. With reference to Himalayan rivers, consider the following statements
1. They flow against the general dip-direction.
2. They have formed the courses cutting across the mountain ranges.
Which of the above statements indicates/indicate these rivers being older than Himalayan landforms?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
1. They flow against the general dip-direction.
2. They have formed the courses cutting across the mountain ranges.
Which of the above statements indicates/indicate these rivers being older than Himalayan landforms?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
95. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below.
List I (Soil type) List II (Environmental condition for occurrence)
A) Spodosols 1) Humid cool temperate climate with coniferous forests
B) Ultisols 2) Grasslands with marked dry season
C) Aridisols 3) Dry climates
D) Vertisols 4) Humid tropics
Codes
A B C D
(a) 1 4 3 2
(b) 1 4 2 3
(c) 4 1 2 3
(d) 4 1 3 2
List I (Soil type) List II (Environmental condition for occurrence)
A) Spodosols 1) Humid cool temperate climate with coniferous forests
B) Ultisols 2) Grasslands with marked dry season
C) Aridisols 3) Dry climates
D) Vertisols 4) Humid tropics
Codes
A B C D
(a) 1 4 3 2
(b) 1 4 2 3
(c) 4 1 2 3
(d) 4 1 3 2
96. With reference to forest areas, consider the following features:
1. Frequent presence of plants with thick waxy leaves.
2. Frequent presence of epiphytes and lianas.
3. Little accumulation of litter on the floor.
Which of the above is/are the features of a climax tropical rain forest?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
1. Frequent presence of plants with thick waxy leaves.
2. Frequent presence of epiphytes and lianas.
3. Little accumulation of litter on the floor.
Which of the above is/are the features of a climax tropical rain forest?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
97. Consider the following statements
1. Thunderstorms are common in middle latitudes only and not in low latitudes.
2. Unlike larger scale storm systems, thunderstorms have no distinct life cycle.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
1. Thunderstorms are common in middle latitudes only and not in low latitudes.
2. Unlike larger scale storm systems, thunderstorms have no distinct life cycle.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
98. Consider the following regions of oceans
1. Western North Pacific
2. South Atlantic
3. South Eastern Pacific
In which of the above regions do hurricanes occur?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Exp:
1. Western North Pacific
2. South Atlantic
3. South Eastern Pacific
In which of the above regions do hurricanes occur?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Exp:
99. Chicago lies on the shore of
(a) Lake Eire
(b) Lake Ontario
(c) Lake Michigan
(d) Lake Huron
100. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below.
List I (Primitive Peoples) List II (Native Place)
A) Bushmen 1) Congo Region
B) Bedouins 2) Kalahari Desert
C) Pygmies 3) Eastern Africa
.........................................................4) Arab Desert
Codes
A B C
(a) 3 2 1
(b) 3 4 2
(c) 2 3 4
(d) 2 4 1
List I (Primitive Peoples) List II (Native Place)
A) Bushmen 1) Congo Region
B) Bedouins 2) Kalahari Desert
C) Pygmies 3) Eastern Africa
.........................................................4) Arab Desert
Codes
A B C
(a) 3 2 1
(b) 3 4 2
(c) 2 3 4
(d) 2 4 1
101. Nomadic herding is practiced in
(a) Hot-wet areas
(b) Cool humid areas
(c) Seasonal dry areas
(d) Semi-temperature areas
(a) Hot-wet areas
(b) Cool humid areas
(c) Seasonal dry areas
(d) Semi-temperature areas
102. Lumbering is an important occupation in cool temperate regions because of
(a) Large supply of labourers
(b) Workable softwood trees
(c) Easy transportation
(d) Large stand of trees
Exp: Earlier key was given as 'b'. The availablity of large workable amount of soft wood trees are dependent on presence of large pure stands of trees. Although 'b' is correct key 'd' is more appropriate.
(a) Large supply of labourers
(b) Workable softwood trees
(c) Easy transportation
(d) Large stand of trees
Exp: Earlier key was given as 'b'. The availablity of large workable amount of soft wood trees are dependent on presence of large pure stands of trees. Although 'b' is correct key 'd' is more appropriate.
Note: 'Stand' means growth of similar plants (usually trees) in an area especially temperate regions where as in tropical regions biodiversity is higher so there are mixed stand of large population of trees make lumbering commercially less attractive.
103. The iron and steel industry is largely concentrated in the Kuzbass region because of the
(a) Availability of iron-ore
(b) Availability of coal
(c) Local market facility
(d) Local supply of labour force
Exp: Kuzbass or Kemerovo Oblast is one of Russia's most important industrial regions, with some of the world's largest deposits of coal.
(a) Availability of iron-ore
(b) Availability of coal
(c) Local market facility
(d) Local supply of labour force
Exp: Kuzbass or Kemerovo Oblast is one of Russia's most important industrial regions, with some of the world's largest deposits of coal.
104. River Nile in Egypt forms the
(a) Arcuate Delta
(b) Cuspate Delta
(c) Bird’s-foot Delta
(d) Estuarine Delta
(a) Arcuate Delta
(b) Cuspate Delta
(c) Bird’s-foot Delta
(d) Estuarine Delta
105. In the Concentric Zone Model of urban structure, the Zone V refers to the
(a) Commuting
(b) Transition
(c) Low income housing
(d) High income housing
(a) Commuting
(b) Transition
(c) Low income housing
(d) High income housing
106. In which one of the following areas, the ethnic communities Fur, Masalit and Zaghawa, who have been in news in recent times, are found?
(a) Central Asia
(b) Darfur
(c) Ossetia and Chechnya
(d) South China
(a) Central Asia
(b) Darfur
(c) Ossetia and Chechnya
(d) South China
107. Consider the following pairs
Natural region Inhabitants
1. Amazon basin in equatorial region : Bambuti
2. Kalahari desert of tropical desert region : Bindibu
3. Temperate grassland region of Central Asia : Kirghiz/Kyrgyz
4. Tundra region in Northern Europe : Eskimo
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 1 and 4 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 3 and 4 only
Exp:
1. Mbuti or Bambuti are one of several indigenous pygmy groups in the Congo region of Africa.
2. Bindibu – North Territory of Australian Desert
Natural region Inhabitants
1. Amazon basin in equatorial region : Bambuti
2. Kalahari desert of tropical desert region : Bindibu
3. Temperate grassland region of Central Asia : Kirghiz/Kyrgyz
4. Tundra region in Northern Europe : Eskimo
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 1 and 4 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 3 and 4 only
Exp:
1. Mbuti or Bambuti are one of several indigenous pygmy groups in the Congo region of Africa.
2. Bindibu – North Territory of Australian Desert
Eskimos are not found in European Tundra,. They are confined to Canada, Alaska, Greenland and East Russian Tundra
108. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below.
List I (Country) List II (Mountain peak)
A) Spain 1) Gora El’brus
B) Austria 2) Ben Nevis
C) Russian Federation 3) Aneto
D) UK 4) Grossglockner
Codes
A B C D
(a) 4 3 2 1
(b) 4 3 1 2
(c) 3 4 2 1
(d) 3 4 1 2
List I (Country) List II (Mountain peak)
A) Spain 1) Gora El’brus
B) Austria 2) Ben Nevis
C) Russian Federation 3) Aneto
D) UK 4) Grossglockner
Codes
A B C D
(a) 4 3 2 1
(b) 4 3 1 2
(c) 3 4 2 1
(d) 3 4 1 2
109. By which one of the following names are large ranches of Australia known?
(a) Estancia
(b) Fazenda
(c) Kraal
(d) Station
(a) Estancia
(b) Fazenda
(c) Kraal
(d) Station
110. Consider the following regions
1. Uzbekistan in Central Asia
2. Region extending from Ukraine to Western Siberia.
3. States of Illinois, Ohio and Indiana
In which of the above areas is commercial grain farming practiced?
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
1. Uzbekistan in Central Asia
2. Region extending from Ukraine to Western Siberia.
3. States of Illinois, Ohio and Indiana
In which of the above areas is commercial grain farming practiced?
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
111. The areal expansion of urban oriented and commercial development beyond the suburbs to the rural areas in Canada is called
(a) Conurbation
(b) Exurban
(c) Megapolis
(d) None of the above
(a) Conurbation
(b) Exurban
(c) Megapolis
(d) None of the above
112. Which one of the following regions is called the bread basket of Canada?
(a) Alberta
(b) Keewatin
(c) Nova-Scotia
(d) Saskatchewan
(a) Alberta
(b) Keewatin
(c) Nova-Scotia
(d) Saskatchewan
113. Which one of the following states of the USA is largest in terms of geographical area?
(a) Alaska
(b) California
(c) Montana
(d) Texas
(a) Alaska
(b) California
(c) Montana
(d) Texas
114. Which one of the following is the highest range in Western Cordilleras in USA?
(a) Cascade Range
(b) Sierra Madre Oriental
(c) Rockies
(d) Sierra Nevada
Exp: Mt Whitney 4418m
(a) Cascade Range
(b) Sierra Madre Oriental
(c) Rockies
(d) Sierra Nevada
Exp: Mt Whitney 4418m
115. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below.
List I List II
A) Newcastle 1) Cotton textiles
B) Middlesborough 2) Ship building
C) Bradford 3) Iron and steel
D) Lancashire 4) Woollen mills
Codes
A B C D
(a) 2 3 4 1
(b) 3 2 4 1
(c) 2 3 1 4
(d) 3 2 1 4
Exp:
List I List II
A) Newcastle 1) Cotton textiles
B) Middlesborough 2) Ship building
C) Bradford 3) Iron and steel
D) Lancashire 4) Woollen mills
Codes
A B C D
(a) 2 3 4 1
(b) 3 2 4 1
(c) 2 3 1 4
(d) 3 2 1 4
Exp:
116. Which one of the following is the correct sequence of minerals in terms of descending order of their hardness?
(a) Apatite - Calcite - Quartz
(b) Calcite - Apatite - Quartz
(c) Quartz - Apatite - Calcite
(d) Quartz - Calcite - Apatite
Exp: Refer NCERT
(a) Apatite - Calcite - Quartz
(b) Calcite - Apatite - Quartz
(c) Quartz - Apatite - Calcite
(d) Quartz - Calcite - Apatite
Exp: Refer NCERT
117. Consider the following islands of Japan
1. Hokkaido
2. Honshu
3. Kyushu
4. Shikoku
What is the correct sequence of them in terms of descending order of their geographical areas?
(a) 1 - 2 - 3 - 4
(b) 2 - 1 - 4 - 2
(c) 1 - 2 - 4 - 3
(d) 2 - 1 - 3 - 4
Exp: Refer Atlas
1. Hokkaido
2. Honshu
3. Kyushu
4. Shikoku
What is the correct sequence of them in terms of descending order of their geographical areas?
(a) 1 - 2 - 3 - 4
(b) 2 - 1 - 4 - 2
(c) 1 - 2 - 4 - 3
(d) 2 - 1 - 3 - 4
Exp: Refer Atlas
118. Australia exports iron ore mainly because
(a) Coking coal is not locally available for smelting the ore.
(b) Demand for iron and steel in the country is low.
(c) Coastal location of mines of iron ore favours export.
(d) The ore is of high grade.
(a) Coking coal is not locally available for smelting the ore.
(b) Demand for iron and steel in the country is low.
(c) Coastal location of mines of iron ore favours export.
(d) The ore is of high grade.
Regional Geography
119. Which one of the following is the correct sequence of towns from north to south on the coast of Australia?
(a) Brisbane - Rockhampton - Sydney - Melbourne.
(b) Rockhampton - Brisbane - Sydney - Melbourne.
(c) Brisbane - Rockhampton - Melbourne - Sydney.
(d) Rockhampton - Brisbane - Melbourne - Sydney.
Exp: Refer Atlas
120. Consider the following statements119. Which one of the following is the correct sequence of towns from north to south on the coast of Australia?
(a) Brisbane - Rockhampton - Sydney - Melbourne.
(b) Rockhampton - Brisbane - Sydney - Melbourne.
(c) Brisbane - Rockhampton - Melbourne - Sydney.
(d) Rockhampton - Brisbane - Melbourne - Sydney.
Exp: Refer Atlas
1. Indonesia’s agriculture and industry are mostly concentrated in the island of Java.
2. The economy of Indonesia is mainly dependent on agriculture and mining.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
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